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Gauge-based Bloch argument constrains equilibrium particle currents and chiral transport

Yamamoto extended the Bloch argument against spontaneous ground-state particle currents using the conserved U(1) vector current and a spatial phase variation. This formulation covers relativistic as well as nonrelativistic settings and clarifies why a homogeneous chiral magnetic transport current cannot be an equilibrium ground-state current in the thermodynamic limit. The paper contrasts this with a maintained chiral imbalance that supports a nonequilibrium current, and with an axial current that can represent spin polarization rather than forbidden vector transport.

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What is recorded here?

Yamamoto extended the Bloch argument against spontaneous ground-state particle currents using the conserved U(1) vector current and a spatial phase variation. This formulation covers relativistic as well as nonrelativistic settings and clarifies why a homogeneous chiral magnetic transport current cannot be an equilibrium ground-state current in the thermodynamic limit. The paper contrasts this with a maintained chiral imbalance that supports a nonequilibrium current, and with an axial current that can represent spin polarization rather than forbidden vector transport.

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Scientific scope

The argument concerns the conserved vector charge, admissible phase-twisted states and controlled energy expansions in the stated thermodynamic geometry. It does not forbid all local magnetization currents, finite-ring persistent currents, metastable supercurrents or nonequilibrium transport. Axial currents are outside this vector-gauge argument. The paper treats zero temperature; a general finite-temperature extension is proposed rather than proved here. Its time-crystal application covers persistent-current proposals, and its finite-size caveat prevents a blanket exclusion of the chiral vortical effect.

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People and systems

Naoki Yamamoto

These are the listed authors of the cited contribution sources. Paper authorship does not quantify individual effort. An incomplete list is explicitly marked; same names are not automatically merged.

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English catalogue narrative

Gauge-based Bloch argument constrains equilibrium particle currents and chiral transport

Yamamoto extended the Bloch argument against spontaneous ground-state particle currents using the conserved U(1) vector current and a spatial phase variation. This formulation covers relativistic as well as nonrelativistic settings and clarifies why a homogeneous chiral magnetic transport current cannot be an equilibrium ground-state current in the thermodynamic limit. The paper contrasts this with a maintained chiral imbalance that supports a nonequilibrium current, and with an axial current that can represent spin polarization rather than forbidden vector transport.

Scientific scope

The argument concerns the conserved vector charge, admissible phase-twisted states and controlled energy expansions in the stated thermodynamic geometry. It does not forbid all local magnetization currents, finite-ring persistent currents, metastable supercurrents or nonequilibrium transport. Axial currents are outside this vector-gauge argument. The paper treats zero temperature; a general finite-temperature extension is proposed rather than proved here. Its time-crystal application covers persistent-current proposals, and its finite-size caveat prevents a blanket exclusion of the chiral vortical effect.

Reading status

This is a source-linked WRS catalogue note. A full explanatory guide and independent scientific reconstruction have not been completed for this entry. Read the identified original work for its complete narrative and arguments.

People and systems

Naoki Yamamoto

These are the listed authors of the cited contribution sources. Paper authorship does not quantify individual effort. An incomplete list is explicitly marked; same names are not automatically merged.

Original sources