What is recorded here?
The1935paper postulates a phenomenological current-field relation that captures magnetic screening rather than merely preserving whichever field was initially present. Perfect electrical conduction by itself can preserve a field already inside a material. The Meissner experiment showed a different phenomenon: entering a superconducting state expels magnetic field from the superconducting interior. Fritz and Heinz London build a magnetic response relation to describe that observation, with fields and currents concentrated near a surface over a material-dependent length. They also explore electrostatic, energy and interface extensions. Those extensions contain provisional choices and unresolved conditions, and their proposed quantum explanation remains a research programme. The target is the magnetic phenomenological advance, with the earlier experiment and later microscopic theories credited separately.
Source-linked catalogue note. A detailed explanatory guide has not yet been prepared for this entry.
Scientific scope
The admitted result is a phenomenological magnetic-current/field relation giving screening over a material-dependent length instead of generic flux freezing. The 1935 electrostatic/covariant supplement and all proposed boundary/heat statements are historical model claims, not uniformly established modern facts. Original 76 restricts the potential representation to simply-connected bodies and defers multiply-connected extension. Sphere/infinite-wire examples assume stated geometry and interface conditions; the superconducting/normal interface radius is undetermined without an extra condition, and the minimum-heat choice is expressly a conjectural supplement. Quantum coupling/eigenstate discussion is a programme, not a solved microscopic origin. Qualitative transition-curve resemblance is not a certified measurement fit. All target 71–88 text read; Original Meissner experiment,1936 revision, later Ginzburg-Landau/BCS and applications are distinct. No universal exclusion of vortices, arbitrary fields, all materials or arbitrary topology claimed.
Read the original work
- F.andH.London, Electromagnetic Equations of the Supraconductor(1935), original71–88
- Royal Society metadata for London1935 electromagnetic paper
- Duke Physics: Fritz London target bibliography
- Oxford Physics: Clarendon physicists Fritz and Heinz London
- F.London1936 macroscopic-field note, publisher preview
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People and systems
Fritz London; Heinz London
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English catalogue narrative
Fritz and Heinz London: describing magnetic screening in a superconductor
The1935paper postulates a phenomenological current-field relation that captures magnetic screening rather than merely preserving whichever field was initially present.
Perfect electrical conduction by itself can preserve a field already inside a material. The Meissner experiment showed a different phenomenon: entering a superconducting state expels magnetic field from the superconducting interior. Fritz and Heinz London build a magnetic response relation to describe that observation, with fields and currents concentrated near a surface over a material-dependent length. They also explore electrostatic, energy and interface extensions. Those extensions contain provisional choices and unresolved conditions, and their proposed quantum explanation remains a research programme. The target is the magnetic phenomenological advance, with the earlier experiment and later microscopic theories credited separately.
Scientific scope
The admitted result is a phenomenological magnetic-current/field relation giving screening over a material-dependent length instead of generic flux freezing. The 1935 electrostatic/covariant supplement and all proposed boundary/heat statements are historical model claims, not uniformly established modern facts. Original 76 restricts the potential representation to simply-connected bodies and defers multiply-connected extension. Sphere/infinite-wire examples assume stated geometry and interface conditions; the superconducting/normal interface radius is undetermined without an extra condition, and the minimum-heat choice is expressly a conjectural supplement. Quantum coupling/eigenstate discussion is a programme, not a solved microscopic origin. Qualitative transition-curve resemblance is not a certified measurement fit. All target 71–88 text read; Original Meissner experiment,1936 revision, later Ginzburg-Landau/BCS and applications are distinct. No universal exclusion of vortices, arbitrary fields, all materials or arbitrary topology claimed.
People and systems
Fritz London; Heinz London
Original sources
- F.andH.London, Electromagnetic Equations of the Supraconductor(1935), original71–88
- Royal Society metadata for London1935 electromagnetic paper
- Duke Physics: Fritz London target bibliography
- Oxford Physics: Clarendon physicists Fritz and Heinz London
- F.London1936 macroscopic-field note, publisher preview