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Fusion target gain above unity at NIF

Contribution grade

Inertial-confinement fusion · Scoped scientific or research-capability contribution

Reference score95,000Provisional editorial estimate of this exact contribution; its grade is assessed separately.

What changed

The NIF collaboration measured fusion output exceeding laser energy delivered to the target in its December 2022 experiment. LLNL reports that machine-learning-assisted simulation supported pre-shot predictions alongside expert design.

Scientific scope

The NIF collaboration measured fusion output exceeding laser energy delivered to the target in its December 2022 experiment. LLNL reports that machine-learning-assisted simulation supported pre-shot predictions alongside expert design. Scope limitation: Target gain is not net electricity or wall-plug energy breakeven. Human teams designed, built and operated the experiment; CogSim supported prediction, not autonomous discovery. Source byline positions are retained, including repeated initials; these are not verified distinct person identities.

Evidence

Assessment uses the catalogue-linked source evidence for the stated contribution. Target gain is not net electricity or wall-plug energy breakeven. Human teams designed, built and operated the experiment; CogSim supported prediction, not autonomous discovery. Source byline positions are retained, including repeated initials; these are not verified distinct person identities.

Contributors

Provisional WRS assessment, edition 2026-10-16.1. Independent expert calibration is pending. This grade does not certify correctness or assign ownership.

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