Nakamura, Mukai and Senoh: candela-class high-brightness blue LEDs

What changed

Practical high-brightness blue semiconductor emission became experimentally demonstrated.

Scientific scope

The 1994 three-author device; prior nitride materials, later phosphor-converted white LEDs and mass production are excluded.

Evidence

The linked sources identify this contribution and its scope. WRS has not independently reconstructed the scientific claims. The record is the 1994 three-author device paper; prior GaN materials advances, later white-light conversion and industrial scaling are separate.

Contributors

• Shuji Nakamura · SCIENCE: Named source author of the scoped work; individual effort shares are not measured.
• Takashi Mukai · SCIENCE: Named source author of the scoped work; individual effort shares are not measured.
• Masayuki Senoh · SCIENCE: Named source author of the scoped work; individual effort shares are not measured.

• Nakamura, Mukai and Senoh, Candela-class high-brightness InGaN/AlGaN blue-light-emitting diodes (1994)

Provisional WRS assessment, edition 2026-10-16.1. Independent expert calibration is pending. This grade does not certify correctness or assign ownership.

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