SWhat changed
Equilibrium across phases and components became expressible in a general mathematical thermodynamic language.
Scientific scope
The two-part 1876–1878 work; later physical chemistry and applications are excluded.
Evidence
The linked sources identify this contribution and its scope. WRS has not independently reconstructed the scientific claims. The work appeared in two long parts across 1876–1878. This entry does not claim Gibbs alone created all of physical chemistry or later equilibrium applications.
Contributors
- J. Willard Gibbs · SCIENCE: Named source author of the scoped work; individual effort shares are not measured.
Provisional WRS assessment, edition 2026-10-16.1. Independent expert calibration is pending. This grade does not certify correctness or assign ownership.
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