Fukushima: the self-organizing neocognitron

What changed

A hierarchical neural model demonstrated position-tolerant visual pattern recognition.

Scientific scope

Fukushima's 1980 article; 1979 precursor, later supervised CNNs and deep learning separate.

Evidence

The linked sources identify this contribution and its scope. WRS has not independently reconstructed the scientific claims. The record is the exact 1980 Biological Cybernetics paper. Fukushima’s 1979 Japanese paper, later convolutional networks, supervised backpropagation systems and modern vision benchmarks remain separate.

Contributors

• Kunihiko Fukushima · SCIENCE: Named source author of the scoped work; individual effort shares are not measured.

• CiNii record for Fukushima’s neocognitron paper
• Crossref record for the neocognitron

Provisional WRS assessment, edition 2026-10-16.1. Independent expert calibration is pending. This grade does not certify correctness or assign ownership.

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