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de Bruijn counts binary cycles containing every length-n word once

Contribution grade

Enumerative combinatorics and directed graphs · Exact theorem and reusable mathematical method

Reference score190,000Provisional editorial estimate of this exact contribution; its grade is assessed separately.

What changed

The number of cyclic binary sequences of length 2^n containing each binary word of length n exactly once is 2^(2^(n-1)-n). The proof relates these cycles to complete directed walks and shows that doubling a two-in/two-out network with m vertices multiplies its cyclic complete-walk count by 2^(m-1).

Scientific scope

The number of cyclic binary sequences of length 2^n containing each binary word of length n exactly once is 2^(2^(n-1)-n). The proof relates these cycles to complete directed walks and shows that doubling a two-in/two-out network with m vertices multiplies its cyclic complete-walk count by 2^(m-1). Cyclic rotations are identified, but reversal is not identified; changing these conventions changes the count. The binary count resolves the conjecture explicitly credited to K. Posthumus. It is not a source-backed claim of first discovery of all universal cycles, nor the general-alphabet formula or full later BEST theorem.

Evidence

The linked original works support the scoped statement and contribution attribution. WRS has not independently replayed experiments or reconstructed a full mathematical proof. Cyclic rotations are identified, but reversal is not identified; changing these conventions changes the count. The binary count resolves the conjecture explicitly credited to K. Posthumus. It is not a source-backed claim of first discovery of all universal cycles, nor the general-alphabet formula or full later BEST theorem.

Contributors

Provisional WRS assessment, edition 2026-10-23.3. Independent expert calibration is pending. This grade does not certify correctness or assign ownership.

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