Cochrane: effectiveness and efficiency in health services

What changed

Argued for systematic distinction of effectiveness and efficiency and greater use of randomized evidence.

Scientific scope

The record is Cochrane's sole-author 1972 Rock Carling monograph. It is a methodological and policy argument, not itself a randomized trial, a systematic review or proof that every intervention can be evaluated identically.

Evidence

The linked sources identify this contribution and its scope. WRS has not independently reconstructed the scientific claims. The record is Cochrane's sole-author 1972 Rock Carling monograph. It is a methodological and policy argument, not itself a randomized trial, a systematic review or proof that every intervention can be evaluated identically.

Contributors

• Archibald L. Cochrane · SCIENCE: Named source author of the scoped work; individual effort shares are not measured.

• Nuffield Trust page for Effectiveness and Efficiency
• Nuffield Trust full text of Cochrane monograph

Provisional WRS assessment, edition 2026-10-16.1. Independent expert calibration is pending. This grade does not certify correctness or assign ownership.

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