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Calderbank, Shor and Steane: quantum codes from nested classical codes

Contribution grade

Quantum information and coding · Exact theorem and reusable mathematical method

Reference score300,000Provisional editorial estimate of this exact contribution; its grade is assessed separately.

What changed

Compatible nested binary linear codes produce a quantum code whose bit- and phase-error syndromes can be corrected without measuring the encoded information. The construction corrects arbitrary errors on a bounded number of physical qubits and gives asymptotically positive-rate families for a small fixed correctable error fraction.

Scientific scope

Compatible nested binary linear codes produce a quantum code whose bit- and phase-error syndromes can be corrected without measuring the encoded information. The construction corrects arbitrary errors on a bounded number of physical qubits and gives asymptotically positive-rate families for a small fixed correctable error fraction. This is a block-code construction and existence result, including the seven-qubit example, not a complete noisy-gate fault-tolerance threshold or an efficient explicit construction at every asymptotic bound. Correlated errors confined to the correctable support are allowed; transmission guarantees for errors on many qubits require extra noise assumptions.

Evidence

The linked original works support the scoped statement and contribution attribution. WRS has not independently replayed experiments or reconstructed a full mathematical proof. This is a block-code construction and existence result, including the seven-qubit example, not a complete noisy-gate fault-tolerance threshold or an efficient explicit construction at every asymptotic bound. Correlated errors confined to the correctable support are allowed; transmission guarantees for errors on many qubits require extra noise assumptions.

Contributors

Provisional WRS assessment, edition 2026-10-23.9. Independent expert calibration is pending. This grade does not certify correctness or assign ownership.

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