AWhat changed
A coherent open-participation electronic-cash design linked consensus, economic incentives and transaction verification.
Scientific scope
2008 pseudonymous paper; actual identity unknown, 2009 code and later economic/social results excluded.
Evidence
The linked sources identify this contribution and its scope. WRS has not independently reconstructed the scientific claims. The record is the 2008 paper under the Satoshi Nakamoto pseudonym. Component precedents, the identity behind the pseudonym, the 2009 implementation, later contributors and economic outcomes are not collapsed into this authorship claim.
Contributors
- Satoshi Nakamoto · SCIENCE: Named source author of the scoped work; individual effort shares are not measured.
- Nakamoto, Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System
- Bitcoin.org: Bitcoin, A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System
Provisional WRS assessment, edition 2026-10-16.1. Independent expert calibration is pending. This grade does not certify correctness or assign ownership.
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