AWhat changed
The liquid-gas distinction was shown to terminate at a critical point in measured carbon-dioxide behavior.
Scientific scope
1869 Bakerian Lecture and CO2 experiments; later van der Waals equation and universality theory excluded.
Evidence
The linked sources identify this contribution and its scope. WRS has not independently reconstructed the scientific claims. The record is Andrews’s exact 1869 Bakerian Lecture and its carbon-dioxide experiments. Earlier high-pressure observations, later equations of state, universality and modern critical phenomena remain separate.
Contributors
- Thomas Andrews · SCIENCE: Named source author of the scoped work; individual effort shares are not measured.
Provisional WRS assessment, edition 2026-10-16.1. Independent expert calibration is pending. This grade does not certify correctness or assign ownership.
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