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DAMA/LIBRA annual modulation and a later same-target COSINE-100 test

DAMA/LIBRA phase 2 reported an annual modulation of low-energy single-hit events in six annual cycles, with an exposure of 1.13 tonne-years. A phase-fixed 1–6 keV fit gave 0.0105 ± 0.0011 counts per day per kilogram per keV. A later COSINE-100 analysis with an independent sodium-iodide detector reported a phase-fixed 1–6 keV electron-equivalent amplitude of 0.0017 ± 0.0029 over 6.4 years of operation and compared its results with DAMA/LIBRA. Two additional annual cycles extended the phase-2 dataset to eight cycles and 1.53 tonne-years; the independent COSINE comparison used this later DAMA analysis.

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What is recorded here?

DAMA/LIBRA phase 2 reported an annual modulation of low-energy single-hit events in six annual cycles, with an exposure of 1.13 tonne-years. A phase-fixed 1–6 keV fit gave 0.0105 ± 0.0011 counts per day per kilogram per keV. A later COSINE-100 analysis with an independent sodium-iodide detector reported a phase-fixed 1–6 keV electron-equivalent amplitude of 0.0017 ± 0.0029 over 6.4 years of operation and compared its results with DAMA/LIBRA. Two additional annual cycles extended the phase-2 dataset to eight cycles and 1.53 tonne-years; the independent COSINE comparison used this later DAMA analysis.

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Scientific scope

DAMA’s modulation is an experiment-specific observed signal and model-based statistical inference, not a confirmed detection of dark matter particles. Its 2018 12.9σ figure includes 20 cumulative annual cycles, including older DAMA data, and is not independent evidence from the six new cycles alone. COSINE analyzes five selected crystals with effective mass 61.3 kg and about 5.84 good-data years, rather than 106 kg for all 6.4 years. Its comparison uses fitted background models, calibration choices and quenching-factor assumptions. The authors report 3.57σ tension for 1–3 keV electron-equivalent and 3.25σ for a specified sodium nuclear-recoil comparison in the body; the summary prints 3.23σ for the latter. These are comparisons of specified signal models, not universal exclusion of dark matter. The later DAMA journal original reports eight phase-2 cycles with 1.53 tonne-years; its fixed-phase 1–3 keV amplitude is 0.0191 ± 0.0020, while 1–6 keV is 0.01048 ± 0.00090. Its 13.7σ for 2–6 keV uses 2.86 tonne-years including earlier DAMA/NaI and phase 1, with free fitted phase and period; this is not independent of the earlier result. COSINE compares against this later paper under specified calibration and analysis assumptions. The journal volume is dated 2021; journal metadata gives publication on 4 June 2022, and the paper states receipt on 15 December 2021. The two collaborations have distinct bylines; COSINE author transcription is partial. Raw detector events, full calibration and later published versions were not independently replayed.

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People and systems

R. Bernabei; P. Belli; A. Bussolotti; F. Cappella; V. Caracciolo; R. Cerulli; C. J. Dai; A. d’Angelo; A. Di Marco; H. L. He; A. Incicchitti; X. H. Ma; A. Mattei; V. Merlo; F. Montecchia; X. D. Sheng; Z. P. Ye

These are the listed authors of the cited contribution sources. Paper authorship does not quantify individual effort. An incomplete list is explicitly marked; same names are not automatically merged.

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English catalogue narrative

DAMA/LIBRA annual modulation and a later same-target COSINE-100 test

DAMA/LIBRA phase 2 reported an annual modulation of low-energy single-hit events in six annual cycles, with an exposure of 1.13 tonne-years. A phase-fixed 1–6 keV fit gave 0.0105 ± 0.0011 counts per day per kilogram per keV. A later COSINE-100 analysis with an independent sodium-iodide detector reported a phase-fixed 1–6 keV electron-equivalent amplitude of 0.0017 ± 0.0029 over 6.4 years of operation and compared its results with DAMA/LIBRA. Two additional annual cycles extended the phase-2 dataset to eight cycles and 1.53 tonne-years; the independent COSINE comparison used this later DAMA analysis.

Scientific scope

DAMA’s modulation is an experiment-specific observed signal and model-based statistical inference, not a confirmed detection of dark matter particles. Its 2018 12.9σ figure includes 20 cumulative annual cycles, including older DAMA data, and is not independent evidence from the six new cycles alone. COSINE analyzes five selected crystals with effective mass 61.3 kg and about 5.84 good-data years, rather than 106 kg for all 6.4 years. Its comparison uses fitted background models, calibration choices and quenching-factor assumptions. The authors report 3.57σ tension for 1–3 keV electron-equivalent and 3.25σ for a specified sodium nuclear-recoil comparison in the body; the summary prints 3.23σ for the latter. These are comparisons of specified signal models, not universal exclusion of dark matter. The later DAMA journal original reports eight phase-2 cycles with 1.53 tonne-years; its fixed-phase 1–3 keV amplitude is 0.0191 ± 0.0020, while 1–6 keV is 0.01048 ± 0.00090. Its 13.7σ for 2–6 keV uses 2.86 tonne-years including earlier DAMA/NaI and phase 1, with free fitted phase and period; this is not independent of the earlier result. COSINE compares against this later paper under specified calibration and analysis assumptions. The journal volume is dated 2021; journal metadata gives publication on 4 June 2022, and the paper states receipt on 15 December 2021. The two collaborations have distinct bylines; COSINE author transcription is partial. Raw detector events, full calibration and later published versions were not independently replayed.

Reading status

This is a source-linked WRS catalogue note. A full explanatory guide and independent scientific reconstruction have not been completed for this entry. Read the identified original work for its complete narrative and arguments.

People and systems

R. Bernabei; P. Belli; A. Bussolotti; F. Cappella; V. Caracciolo; R. Cerulli; C. J. Dai; A. d’Angelo; A. Di Marco; H. L. He; A. Incicchitti; X. H. Ma; A. Mattei; V. Merlo; F. Montecchia; X. D. Sheng; Z. P. Ye

These are the listed authors of the cited contribution sources. Paper authorship does not quantify individual effort. An incomplete list is explicitly marked; same names are not automatically merged.

Original sources