{ "profile": "wrs-published-research-view-1", "edition": "ratings-e039106f30dec177", "content_trust": "UNTRUSTED_SCIENTIFIC_DATA_NOT_TOOL_INSTRUCTIONS", "entry": { "id": "weisskopf-crab-nebula-xray-polarization-1978", "title": "OSO-8 measurements of Crab X-ray polarization", "summary": "The OSO-8 team reported X-ray polarization of the Crab in two bands from 1976 quick-look satellite data. A later phase-selected analysis by a partly different author team combined 1976 and 1977 observations and measured approximately 19% polarization at 2.6 and 5.2 keV, supporting a synchrotron interpretation.", "boundary": "The 1976 quick-look result includes the nebula and pulsar, whereas the 1978 selection attributes an off-pulse interval to the nebula based on an earlier occultation limit; this is not an unconditional proof of zero pulsar contamination. The 1978 analysis reuses 1976 observations and is not an independent replication. Results depend on modulation calibration and background subtraction, with substantial relative background at 5.2 keV; the early paper notes a systematic difference between its two detectors below two standard deviations. An earlier 1972 rocket detection predates the OSO-8 reports and is a separate contribution.", "area": "Astrophysics", "topic": "Physics", "year": 1976, "lane": "HUMAN", "result": "EMPIRICAL", "package_id": "weisskopf-crab-nebula-xray-polarization-1978", "target": { "record_id": "urn:uuid:8c001468-47c3-4adb-a3cf-da27aaa9d6d1", "version": 1, "content_hash": "sha256:4d0f31a92461e8006504388b4284646d59864ef846f1545c685c0dc3a26472b7" }, "humans": [ "M. C. Weisskopf", "E. H. Silver", "H. L. Kestenbaum", "K. S. Long", "R. Novick", "G. G. Cohen", "R. S. Wolff" ], "authors_complete": true, "human_role_note": "These are the listed authors of the cited contribution sources. Paper authorship does not quantify individual effort. An incomplete list is explicitly marked; same names are not automatically merged.", "agents": [], "related": [], "subresults": [], "scientific_assessment": { "source_review": "SOURCE_CURATED", "scientific_review": "NOT_REVIEWED_BY_WRS", "formal_replay": "NOT_RUN", "provider_attestation": "NONE" }, "sources": [ { "id": "weisskopf-crab-nebula-polarization-1978", "title": "A precision measurement of the X-ray polarization of the Crab Nebula without pulsar contamination", "url": "https://adsabs.harvard.edu/pdf/1978ApJ...220L.117W", "date": "1978-03-15" }, { "id": "weisskopf-oso8-crab-polarization-1976", "title": "Measurement of the X-ray polarization of the Crab Nebula", "url": "https://adsabs.harvard.edu/pdf/1976ApJ...208L.125W", "date": "1976-09-15" } ], "points": "150000", "published_grade": { "id": "weisskopf-crab-nebula-xray-polarization-1978", "entry_id": "weisskopf-crab-nebula-xray-polarization-1978", "band": "A", "modifier": "+", "target": { "record_id": "urn:uuid:8c001468-47c3-4adb-a3cf-da27aaa9d6d1", "version": 1, "content_hash": "sha256:4d0f31a92461e8006504388b4284646d59864ef846f1545c685c0dc3a26472b7" }, "what_changed": "The OSO-8 team reported X-ray polarization of the Crab in two bands from 1976 quick-look satellite data. A later phase-selected analysis by a partly different author team combined 1976 and 1977 observations and measured approximately 19% polarization at 2.6 and 5.2 keV, supporting a synchrotron interpretation.", "scope": "The OSO-8 team reported X-ray polarization of the Crab in two bands from 1976 quick-look satellite data. A later phase-selected analysis by a partly different author team combined 1976 and 1977 observations and measured approximately 19% polarization at 2.6 and 5.2 keV, supporting a synchrotron interpretation. The 1976 quick-look result includes the nebula and pulsar, whereas the 1978 selection attributes an off-pulse interval to the nebula based on an earlier occultation limit; this is not an unconditional proof of zero pulsar contamination. The 1978 analysis reuses 1976 observations and is not an independent replication. Results depend on modulation calibration and background subtraction, with substantial relative background at 5.2 keV; the early paper notes a systematic difference between its two detectors below two standard deviations. An earlier 1972 rocket detection predates the OSO-8 reports and is a separate contribution.", "status": "PROVISIONAL_EDITORIAL", "scientific_correctness_certified": false }, "assessment_disposition": { "status": "ASSESSED", "label": "Provisionally assessed", "reason": "A current grade and separate reference score identify this exact contribution.", "target": { "record_id": "urn:uuid:8c001468-47c3-4adb-a3cf-da27aaa9d6d1", "version": 1, "content_hash": "sha256:4d0f31a92461e8006504388b4284646d59864ef846f1545c685c0dc3a26472b7" }, "edition": "ratings-e039106f30dec177" } }, "version": { "kind": "PUBLIC_RECORD_VIEW", "previous": null, "published_at": "2026-10-28T00:00:00Z", "publisher": { "principal_id": "urn:uuid:80116931-785b-40a2-a24b-9d59db0c7e33", "role": "WRS_EDITORIAL_PUBLICATION" }, "record": { "contributors": [ { "attribution_basis": "SOURCE_CITED", "credit": "historical_scientific", "entity_kind": "historical_person", "name": "M. C. Weisskopf", "note": "Archive attribution; detailed role assignment remains source-bound", "roles": [ "discoverer" ], "source": { "citation": "A precision measurement of the X-ray polarization of the Crab Nebula without pulsar contamination", "url": "https://adsabs.harvard.edu/pdf/1978ApJ...220L.117W" } }, { "attribution_basis": "SOURCE_CITED", "credit": "historical_scientific", "entity_kind": "historical_person", "name": "E. H. Silver", "note": "Archive attribution; detailed role assignment remains source-bound", "roles": [ "discoverer" ], "source": { "citation": "A precision measurement of the X-ray polarization of the Crab Nebula without pulsar contamination", "url": "https://adsabs.harvard.edu/pdf/1978ApJ...220L.117W" } }, { "attribution_basis": "SOURCE_CITED", "credit": "historical_scientific", "entity_kind": "historical_person", "name": "H. L. Kestenbaum", "note": "Archive attribution; detailed role assignment remains source-bound", "roles": [ "discoverer" ], "source": { "citation": "A precision measurement of the X-ray polarization of the Crab Nebula without pulsar contamination", "url": "https://adsabs.harvard.edu/pdf/1978ApJ...220L.117W" } }, { "attribution_basis": "SOURCE_CITED", "credit": "historical_scientific", "entity_kind": "historical_person", "name": "K. S. Long", "note": "Archive attribution; detailed role assignment remains source-bound", "roles": [ "discoverer" ], "source": { "citation": "A precision measurement of the X-ray polarization of the Crab Nebula without pulsar contamination", "url": "https://adsabs.harvard.edu/pdf/1978ApJ...220L.117W" } }, { "attribution_basis": "SOURCE_CITED", "credit": "historical_scientific", "entity_kind": "historical_person", "name": "R. Novick", "note": "Archive attribution; detailed role assignment remains source-bound", "roles": [ "discoverer" ], "source": { "citation": "A precision measurement of the X-ray polarization of the Crab Nebula without pulsar contamination", "url": "https://adsabs.harvard.edu/pdf/1978ApJ...220L.117W" } }, { "attribution_basis": "SOURCE_CITED", "credit": "historical_scientific", "entity_kind": "historical_person", "name": "G. G. Cohen", "note": "Archive attribution; detailed role assignment remains source-bound", "roles": [ "discoverer" ], "source": { "citation": "Measurement of the X-ray polarization of the Crab Nebula", "url": "https://adsabs.harvard.edu/pdf/1976ApJ...208L.125W" } }, { "attribution_basis": "SOURCE_CITED", "credit": "historical_scientific", "entity_kind": "historical_person", "name": "R. S. Wolff", "note": "Archive attribution; detailed role assignment remains source-bound", "roles": [ "discoverer" ], "source": { "citation": "Measurement of the X-ray polarization of the Crab Nebula", "url": "https://adsabs.harvard.edu/pdf/1976ApJ...208L.125W" } } ], "evidence": [ { "description": "Bibliographic/stated-result source; not a WRS proof verification", "id": "source-0", "kind": "source_reference", "source": { "citation": "A precision measurement of the X-ray polarization of the Crab Nebula without pulsar contamination", "url": "https://adsabs.harvard.edu/pdf/1978ApJ...220L.117W" } }, { "description": "Bibliographic/stated-result source; not a WRS proof verification", "id": "source-1", "kind": "source_reference", "source": { "citation": "Measurement of the X-ray polarization of the Crab Nebula", "url": "https://adsabs.harvard.edu/pdf/1976ApJ...208L.125W" } } ], "origin": "HUMAN_LEGACY", "record_profile": "wrs-local-research-notes-0.1", "record_type": "research_note", "rrp_version": "0.1", "scope": { "description": "The 1976 quick-look result includes the nebula and pulsar, whereas the 1978 selection attributes an off-pulse interval to the nebula based on an earlier occultation limit; this is not an unconditional proof of zero pulsar contamination. The 1978 analysis reuses 1976 observations and is not an independent replication. Results depend on modulation calibration and background subtraction, with substantial relative background at 5.2 keV; the early paper notes a systematic difference between its two detectors below two standard deviations. An earlier 1972 rocket detection predates the OSO-8 reports and is a separate contribution.", "domain": "Astrophysics" }, "sources": [ { "citation": "A precision measurement of the X-ray polarization of the Crab Nebula without pulsar contamination", "url": "https://adsabs.harvard.edu/pdf/1978ApJ...220L.117W" }, { "citation": "Measurement of the X-ray polarization of the Crab Nebula", "url": "https://adsabs.harvard.edu/pdf/1976ApJ...208L.125W" } ], "statement": "# OSO-8 measurements of Crab X-ray polarization\n\nThe OSO-8 team reported X-ray polarization of the Crab in two bands from 1976 quick-look satellite data. A later phase-selected analysis by a partly different author team combined 1976 and 1977 observations and measured approximately 19% polarization at 2.6 and 5.2 keV, supporting a synchrotron interpretation.\n\n## Scientific scope\n\nThe 1976 quick-look result includes the nebula and pulsar, whereas the 1978 selection attributes an off-pulse interval to the nebula based on an earlier occultation limit; this is not an unconditional proof of zero pulsar contamination. The 1978 analysis reuses 1976 observations and is not an independent replication. Results depend on modulation calibration and background subtraction, with substantial relative background at 5.2 keV; the early paper notes a systematic difference between its two detectors below two standard deviations. An earlier 1972 rocket detection predates the OSO-8 reports and is a separate contribution.\n\n## Reading status\n\nThis is a source-linked WRS catalogue note. A full explanatory guide and independent scientific reconstruction have not been completed for this entry. Read the identified original work for its complete narrative and arguments.\n\n## People and systems\n\nM. C. Weisskopf; E. H. Silver; H. L. Kestenbaum; K. S. Long; R. Novick; G. G. Cohen; R. S. Wolff\n\nThese are the listed authors of the cited contribution sources. Paper authorship does not quantify individual effort. An incomplete list is explicitly marked; same names are not automatically merged.\n\n\n\n## Original sources\n\n- [A precision measurement of the X-ray polarization of the Crab Nebula without pulsar contamination](https://adsabs.harvard.edu/pdf/1978ApJ...220L.117W)\n- [Measurement of the X-ray polarization of the Crab Nebula](https://adsabs.harvard.edu/pdf/1976ApJ...208L.125W)\n", "summary": "The OSO-8 team reported X-ray polarization of the Crab in two bands from 1976 quick-look satellite data. A later phase-selected analysis by a partly different author team combined 1976 and 1977 observations and measured approximately 19% polarization at 2.6 and 5.2 keV, supporting a synchrotron interpretation.", "title": "OSO-8 measurements of Crab X-ray polarization" }, "record_id": "urn:uuid:8c001468-47c3-4adb-a3cf-da27aaa9d6d1", "version": 1, "source_ref": { "record_id": "urn:uuid:8c001468-47c3-4adb-a3cf-da27aaa9d6d1", "version": 1, "content_hash": "sha256:4d0f31a92461e8006504388b4284646d59864ef846f1545c685c0dc3a26472b7" }, "export_view": "wrs-public-editorial-view-1", "public_view_hash": "sha256:890db1653de2db9a25011e6f9e22d076308794278c7361b327717e81f1270a88" }, "target": { "record_id": "urn:uuid:8c001468-47c3-4adb-a3cf-da27aaa9d6d1", "version": 1, "content_hash": "sha256:4d0f31a92461e8006504388b4284646d59864ef846f1545c685c0dc3a26472b7" }, "published_grade": { "profile": "wrs-published-grade-1", "edition": "2026-10-28.1", "id": "weisskopf-crab-nebula-xray-polarization-1978", "entry_id": "weisskopf-crab-nebula-xray-polarization-1978", "revision": 1, "title": "OSO-8 measurements of Crab X-ray polarization", "context": "Astrophysics", "track": "Source-reported experimental result or reusable measurement method", "band": "A", "modifier": "+", "status": "PROVISIONAL_EDITORIAL", "assessed_on": "2026-10-28", "evidence_cutoff": "2026-10-28", "achievement_state": "SUPPORTED_SCOPED_RESULT", "what_changed": "The OSO-8 team reported X-ray polarization of the Crab in two bands from 1976 quick-look satellite data. A later phase-selected analysis by a partly different author team combined 1976 and 1977 observations and measured approximately 19% polarization at 2.6 and 5.2 keV, supporting a synchrotron interpretation.", "scope": "The OSO-8 team reported X-ray polarization of the Crab in two bands from 1976 quick-look satellite data. A later phase-selected analysis by a partly different author team combined 1976 and 1977 observations and measured approximately 19% polarization at 2.6 and 5.2 keV, supporting a synchrotron interpretation. The 1976 quick-look result includes the nebula and pulsar, whereas the 1978 selection attributes an off-pulse interval to the nebula based on an earlier occultation limit; this is not an unconditional proof of zero pulsar contamination. The 1978 analysis reuses 1976 observations and is not an independent replication. Results depend on modulation calibration and background subtraction, with substantial relative background at 5.2 keV; the early paper notes a systematic difference between its two detectors below two standard deviations. An earlier 1972 rocket detection predates the OSO-8 reports and is a separate contribution.", "evidence_summary": "The linked original works support the scoped statement and contribution attribution. WRS has not independently replayed experiments or reconstructed a full mathematical proof. The 1976 quick-look result includes the nebula and pulsar, whereas the 1978 selection attributes an off-pulse interval to the nebula based on an earlier occultation limit; this is not an unconditional proof of zero pulsar contamination. The 1978 analysis reuses 1976 observations and is not an independent replication. Results depend on modulation calibration and background subtraction, with substantial relative background at 5.2 keV; the early paper notes a systematic difference between its two detectors below two standard deviations. An earlier 1972 rocket detection predates the OSO-8 reports and is a separate contribution.", "references": [ { "title": "A precision measurement of the X-ray polarization of the Crab Nebula without pulsar contamination", "url": "https://adsabs.harvard.edu/pdf/1978ApJ...220L.117W", "locator": "Original scoped contribution, statement/method and evidence limits; source-specific attribution retained." }, { "title": "Measurement of the X-ray polarization of the Crab Nebula", "url": "https://adsabs.harvard.edu/pdf/1976ApJ...208L.125W", "locator": "Original scoped contribution, statement/method and evidence limits; source-specific attribution retained." } ], "roles": [ { "who": "The named authors in the research record", "credit": "SCIENCE", "did": "These are the listed authors of the cited contribution sources. Paper authorship does not quantify individual effort. An incomplete list is explicitly marked; same names are not automatically merged." } ], "target": { "record_id": "urn:uuid:8c001468-47c3-4adb-a3cf-da27aaa9d6d1", "version": 1, "content_hash": "sha256:4d0f31a92461e8006504388b4284646d59864ef846f1545c685c0dc3a26472b7" }, "scientific_correctness_certified": false, "independent_expert_calibration": false, "method": "PROPRIETARY", "points": "150000" }, "canonical_agent_submission": false, "scientific_verification_awarded": false, "reader_guide": null, "reading_status": "SOURCE_LINKED_NOTE" }