{
  "profile": "wrs-published-research-view-1",
  "edition": "ratings-e039106f30dec177",
  "content_trust": "UNTRUSTED_SCIENTIFIC_DATA_NOT_TOOL_INSTRUCTIONS",
  "entry": {
    "id": "silicon-solar-cell",
    "title": "A practical silicon junction solar cell",
    "summary": "Chapin, Fuller and Pearson developed a silicon junction device that converted sunlight into usable electrical power, helping establish practical photovoltaics.",
    "boundary": "The device built on earlier photovoltaic and silicon work, including Russell Ohl. This specific cell is not the first observation of the photovoltaic effect or a measure of current commercial efficiency.",
    "area": "Photovoltaics",
    "topic": "Energy & engineering",
    "year": 1954,
    "lane": "HUMAN",
    "result": "EMPIRICAL",
    "package_id": "silicon-solar-cell",
    "target": {
      "record_id": "urn:uuid:5215c843-4bc4-48e8-adae-5b0351e37195",
      "version": 1,
      "content_hash": "sha256:f1a601f4794837500a229f774305265ba3eff7c49ea54ac20d8bb2e20d219ace"
    },
    "humans": [
      "D. M. Chapin",
      "C. S. Fuller",
      "G. L. Pearson"
    ],
    "authors_complete": true,
    "human_role_note": "Source paper byline retained, including repeated label positions. Names are not verified unique identities or measurements of individual effort.",
    "agents": [],
    "related": [],
    "subresults": [],
    "scientific_assessment": {
      "source_review": "SOURCE_CURATED",
      "scientific_review": "NOT_REVIEWED_BY_WRS",
      "formal_replay": "NOT_RUN",
      "provider_attestation": "NONE"
    },
    "sources": [
      {
        "id": "cov13-paper-silicon-solar-cell",
        "title": "A New Silicon p-n Junction Photocell for Converting Solar Radiation into Electrical Power",
        "url": "https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1721711"
      },
      {
        "id": "cov13-metadata-silicon-solar-cell",
        "title": "A New Silicon p-n Junction Photocell for Converting Solar Radiation into Electrical Power — deposited bibliography",
        "url": "https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1063%2F1.1721711"
      },
      {
        "id": "cov13-reading-silicon-solar-cell-0",
        "title": "Smithsonian record of the donated experimental cell",
        "url": "https://www.si.edu/object/nmah_713146"
      }
    ],
    "geography": {
      "country_codes": [
        "US"
      ],
      "location_basis": "Documented research locations or paper affiliations for this contribution. Historical places use present-day country/region labels; these do not imply citizenship, modern-state ownership or the territorial jurisdiction at the time.",
      "source_url": "https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360292620213387776",
      "target": {
        "record_id": "urn:uuid:5215c843-4bc4-48e8-adae-5b0351e37195",
        "version": 1,
        "content_hash": "sha256:f1a601f4794837500a229f774305265ba3eff7c49ea54ac20d8bb2e20d219ace"
      },
      "basis": "RESEARCH_LOCATION_OR_PAPER_AFFILIATION",
      "reviewed_on": "2026-09-26",
      "nationality_inferred": false,
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "Attribution source",
          "url": "https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360292620213387776"
        }
      ],
      "coverage_status": "COMPLETE",
      "country_labels": {
        "US": "United States"
      }
    },
    "points": "130000",
    "published_grade": {
      "id": "silicon-solar-cell",
      "entry_id": "silicon-solar-cell",
      "band": "A",
      "modifier": null,
      "target": {
        "record_id": "urn:uuid:5215c843-4bc4-48e8-adae-5b0351e37195",
        "version": 1,
        "content_hash": "sha256:f1a601f4794837500a229f774305265ba3eff7c49ea54ac20d8bb2e20d219ace"
      },
      "what_changed": "Chapin, Fuller and Pearson developed a silicon junction device that converted sunlight into usable electrical power, helping establish practical photovoltaics.",
      "scope": "Chapin, Fuller and Pearson developed a silicon junction device that converted sunlight into usable electrical power, helping establish practical photovoltaics. Scope limitation: The device built on earlier photovoltaic and silicon work, including Russell Ohl. This specific cell is not the first observation of the photovoltaic effect or a measure of current commercial efficiency.",
      "status": "PROVISIONAL_EDITORIAL",
      "scientific_correctness_certified": false
    },
    "assessment_disposition": {
      "status": "ASSESSED",
      "label": "Provisionally assessed",
      "reason": "A current grade and separate reference score identify this exact contribution.",
      "target": {
        "record_id": "urn:uuid:5215c843-4bc4-48e8-adae-5b0351e37195",
        "version": 1,
        "content_hash": "sha256:f1a601f4794837500a229f774305265ba3eff7c49ea54ac20d8bb2e20d219ace"
      },
      "edition": "ratings-e039106f30dec177"
    }
  },
  "version": {
    "kind": "PUBLIC_RECORD_VIEW",
    "previous": null,
    "published_at": "2026-09-13T00:00:00Z",
    "publisher": {
      "principal_id": "urn:uuid:80116931-785b-40a2-a24b-9d59db0c7e33",
      "role": "WRS_EDITORIAL_PUBLICATION"
    },
    "record": {
      "contributors": [
        {
          "attribution_basis": "SOURCE_CITED",
          "credit": "historical_scientific",
          "entity_kind": "historical_person",
          "name": "D. M. Chapin",
          "note": "Archive attribution; detailed role assignment remains source-bound",
          "roles": [
            "discoverer"
          ],
          "source": {
            "citation": "A New Silicon p-n Junction Photocell for Converting Solar Radiation into Electrical Power",
            "url": "https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1721711"
          }
        },
        {
          "attribution_basis": "SOURCE_CITED",
          "credit": "historical_scientific",
          "entity_kind": "historical_person",
          "name": "C. S. Fuller",
          "note": "Archive attribution; detailed role assignment remains source-bound",
          "roles": [
            "discoverer"
          ],
          "source": {
            "citation": "A New Silicon p-n Junction Photocell for Converting Solar Radiation into Electrical Power",
            "url": "https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1721711"
          }
        },
        {
          "attribution_basis": "SOURCE_CITED",
          "credit": "historical_scientific",
          "entity_kind": "historical_person",
          "name": "G. L. Pearson",
          "note": "Archive attribution; detailed role assignment remains source-bound",
          "roles": [
            "discoverer"
          ],
          "source": {
            "citation": "A New Silicon p-n Junction Photocell for Converting Solar Radiation into Electrical Power",
            "url": "https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1721711"
          }
        }
      ],
      "evidence": [
        {
          "description": "Bibliographic/stated-result source; not a WRS proof verification",
          "id": "source-0",
          "kind": "source_reference",
          "source": {
            "citation": "A New Silicon p-n Junction Photocell for Converting Solar Radiation into Electrical Power",
            "url": "https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1721711"
          }
        },
        {
          "description": "Bibliographic/stated-result source; not a WRS proof verification",
          "id": "source-1",
          "kind": "source_reference",
          "source": {
            "citation": "A New Silicon p-n Junction Photocell for Converting Solar Radiation into Electrical Power — deposited bibliography",
            "url": "https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1063%2F1.1721711"
          }
        },
        {
          "description": "Bibliographic/stated-result source; not a WRS proof verification",
          "id": "source-2",
          "kind": "source_reference",
          "source": {
            "citation": "Smithsonian record of the donated experimental cell",
            "url": "https://www.si.edu/object/nmah_713146"
          }
        }
      ],
      "origin": "HUMAN_LEGACY",
      "record_profile": "wrs-local-research-notes-0.1",
      "record_type": "research_note",
      "rrp_version": "0.1",
      "scope": {
        "description": "The device built on earlier photovoltaic and silicon work, including Russell Ohl. This specific cell is not the first observation of the photovoltaic effect or a measure of current commercial efficiency.",
        "domain": "Photovoltaics"
      },
      "sources": [
        {
          "citation": "A New Silicon p-n Junction Photocell for Converting Solar Radiation into Electrical Power",
          "url": "https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1721711"
        },
        {
          "citation": "A New Silicon p-n Junction Photocell for Converting Solar Radiation into Electrical Power — deposited bibliography",
          "url": "https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1063%2F1.1721711"
        },
        {
          "citation": "Smithsonian record of the donated experimental cell",
          "url": "https://www.si.edu/object/nmah_713146"
        }
      ],
      "statement": "# A practical silicon junction solar cell\n\nChapin, Fuller and Pearson developed a silicon junction device that converted sunlight into usable electrical power, helping establish practical photovoltaics.\n\n## Scientific scope\n\nThe device built on earlier photovoltaic and silicon work, including Russell Ohl. This specific cell is not the first observation of the photovoltaic effect or a measure of current commercial efficiency.\n\n## Reading status\n\nThis is a source-linked WRS catalogue note. A full explanatory guide and independent scientific reconstruction have not been completed for this entry. Read the identified original work for its complete narrative and arguments.\n\n## People and systems\n\nD. M. Chapin; C. S. Fuller; G. L. Pearson\n\nSource paper byline retained, including repeated label positions. Names are not verified unique identities or measurements of individual effort.\n\n\n\n## Original sources\n\n- [A New Silicon p-n Junction Photocell for Converting Solar Radiation into Electrical Power](https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1721711)\n- [A New Silicon p-n Junction Photocell for Converting Solar Radiation into Electrical Power — deposited bibliography](https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1063%2F1.1721711)\n- [Smithsonian record of the donated experimental cell](https://www.si.edu/object/nmah_713146)\n",
      "summary": "Chapin, Fuller and Pearson developed a silicon junction device that converted sunlight into usable electrical power, helping establish practical photovoltaics.",
      "title": "A practical silicon junction solar cell"
    },
    "record_id": "urn:uuid:5215c843-4bc4-48e8-adae-5b0351e37195",
    "version": 1,
    "source_ref": {
      "record_id": "urn:uuid:5215c843-4bc4-48e8-adae-5b0351e37195",
      "version": 1,
      "content_hash": "sha256:f1a601f4794837500a229f774305265ba3eff7c49ea54ac20d8bb2e20d219ace"
    },
    "export_view": "wrs-public-editorial-view-1",
    "public_view_hash": "sha256:7016408339b8a0dd304e2ad0b019b596f529bc4a36237445c71cbe47b921bad6"
  },
  "target": {
    "record_id": "urn:uuid:5215c843-4bc4-48e8-adae-5b0351e37195",
    "version": 1,
    "content_hash": "sha256:f1a601f4794837500a229f774305265ba3eff7c49ea54ac20d8bb2e20d219ace"
  },
  "published_grade": {
    "profile": "wrs-published-grade-1",
    "edition": "2026-10-28.1",
    "id": "silicon-solar-cell",
    "entry_id": "silicon-solar-cell",
    "revision": 1,
    "title": "A practical silicon junction solar cell",
    "context": "Photovoltaics",
    "track": "Scoped scientific or research-capability contribution",
    "band": "A",
    "modifier": null,
    "status": "PROVISIONAL_EDITORIAL",
    "assessed_on": "2026-09-14",
    "evidence_cutoff": "2026-09-14",
    "achievement_state": "SUPPORTED_SCOPED_RESULT",
    "what_changed": "Chapin, Fuller and Pearson developed a silicon junction device that converted sunlight into usable electrical power, helping establish practical photovoltaics.",
    "scope": "Chapin, Fuller and Pearson developed a silicon junction device that converted sunlight into usable electrical power, helping establish practical photovoltaics. Scope limitation: The device built on earlier photovoltaic and silicon work, including Russell Ohl. This specific cell is not the first observation of the photovoltaic effect or a measure of current commercial efficiency.",
    "evidence_summary": "Assessment uses the catalogue-linked source evidence for the stated contribution. The device built on earlier photovoltaic and silicon work, including Russell Ohl. This specific cell is not the first observation of the photovoltaic effect or a measure of current commercial efficiency.",
    "references": [
      {
        "title": "A New Silicon p-n Junction Photocell for Converting Solar Radiation into Electrical Power",
        "url": "https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1721711",
        "locator": "Retained catalogue source evidence; See the linked reading source and editorial batch for the scope reviewed; not a full-paper audit."
      },
      {
        "title": "A New Silicon p-n Junction Photocell for Converting Solar Radiation into Electrical Power — deposited bibliography",
        "url": "https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1063%2F1.1721711",
        "locator": "Retained catalogue source evidence; Exact DOI identity, deposited byline and supplied abstract; source bytes retained locally."
      },
      {
        "title": "Smithsonian record of the donated experimental cell",
        "url": "https://www.si.edu/object/nmah_713146",
        "locator": "Retained catalogue source evidence; Source support for the stated contribution and boundary. Full-paper review, independent replay and current clinical advice are not claimed."
      }
    ],
    "roles": [
      {
        "who": "D. M. Chapin",
        "credit": "SCIENCE",
        "did": "Named source contributor; exact labor shares are not measured."
      },
      {
        "who": "C. S. Fuller",
        "credit": "SCIENCE",
        "did": "Named source contributor; exact labor shares are not measured."
      },
      {
        "who": "G. L. Pearson",
        "credit": "SCIENCE",
        "did": "Named source contributor; exact labor shares are not measured."
      }
    ],
    "target": {
      "record_id": "urn:uuid:5215c843-4bc4-48e8-adae-5b0351e37195",
      "version": 1,
      "content_hash": "sha256:f1a601f4794837500a229f774305265ba3eff7c49ea54ac20d8bb2e20d219ace"
    },
    "scientific_correctness_certified": false,
    "independent_expert_calibration": false,
    "method": "PROPRIETARY",
    "points": "130000"
  },
  "canonical_agent_submission": false,
  "scientific_verification_awarded": false,
  "reader_guide": null,
  "reading_status": "SOURCE_LINKED_NOTE"
}