{ "profile": "wrs-published-research-view-1", "edition": "ratings-e039106f30dec177", "content_trust": "UNTRUSTED_SCIENTIFIC_DATA_NOT_TOOL_INSTRUCTIONS", "entry": { "id": "sandilands-alpha-rucl3-raman-scattering-continuum-2015", "title": "Raman and neutron evidence for unusual magnetic excitations in α-RuCl3", "summary": "Sandilands and colleagues measured a broad Raman continuum and anomalous phonon line shapes in α-RuCl3. In a separate neutron study, Banerjee and colleagues reported magnetic ordering and an excitation spectrum whose broad component persisted above the ordering temperature. Both teams compared their observations with predictions for proximity to a Kitaev spin-liquid regime.", "boundary": "The Raman continuum and neutron spectra are observations; attribution to fractionalized Majorana excitations and proximity to a spin liquid is an interpretation based on models, not a unique identification. Both papers identify magnetic order at low temperatures and consider limitations of simple spin-wave descriptions. Raman alternatives include damped two-magnon scattering and stacking disorder; neutron spectra are powder averaged and competing Hamiltonians, resolution and sample structure remain relevant. The neutron preprint refers to separate supplementary material. Its individual contributor list shown here is incomplete. The Raman supplement contains a Fano formula requiring literal and fit-code reconciliation. The independent 2018 thermal-Hall HOLD is not resolved by these earlier measurements.", "area": "Condensed Matter Physics", "topic": "Physics", "year": 2015, "lane": "HUMAN", "result": "EMPIRICAL", "package_id": "sandilands-alpha-rucl3-raman-scattering-continuum-2015", "target": { "record_id": "urn:uuid:32514f24-1a2b-4cdb-ab46-538d5a05e654", "version": 1, "content_hash": "sha256:de4fc9c771445c7e224b5c84f79adb23f1e238921e4f93ff2b77f10165e834a6" }, "humans": [ "Luke J. 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An incomplete list is explicitly marked; same names are not automatically merged.", "agents": [], "related": [], "subresults": [], "scientific_assessment": { "source_review": "SOURCE_CURATED", "scientific_review": "NOT_REVIEWED_BY_WRS", "formal_replay": "NOT_RUN", "provider_attestation": "NONE" }, "sources": [ { "id": "sandilands-alpha-rucl3-raman-continuum-2015", "title": "Scattering Continuum and Possible Fractionalized Excitations in α-RuCl3", "url": "https://sites.bc.edu/lins2/wp-content/uploads/sites/180/2015/04/PhysRevLett.114.147201.pdf", "date": "2015-04-06" }, { "id": "banerjee-rucl3-neutron-scattering-2015-v1", "title": "Proximate Kitaev Quantum Spin Liquid Behavior in α-RuCl3", "url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/1504.08037v1", "date": "2015-04-29" } ], "points": "90000", "published_grade": { "id": "sandilands-alpha-rucl3-raman-scattering-continuum-2015", "entry_id": "sandilands-alpha-rucl3-raman-scattering-continuum-2015", "band": "A", "modifier": "-", "target": { "record_id": "urn:uuid:32514f24-1a2b-4cdb-ab46-538d5a05e654", "version": 1, "content_hash": "sha256:de4fc9c771445c7e224b5c84f79adb23f1e238921e4f93ff2b77f10165e834a6" }, "what_changed": "Sandilands and colleagues measured a broad Raman continuum and anomalous phonon line shapes in α-RuCl3. In a separate neutron study, Banerjee and colleagues reported magnetic ordering and an excitation spectrum whose broad component persisted above the ordering temperature. Both teams compared their observations with predictions for proximity to a Kitaev spin-liquid regime.", "scope": "Sandilands and colleagues measured a broad Raman continuum and anomalous phonon line shapes in α-RuCl3. In a separate neutron study, Banerjee and colleagues reported magnetic ordering and an excitation spectrum whose broad component persisted above the ordering temperature. Both teams compared their observations with predictions for proximity to a Kitaev spin-liquid regime. The Raman continuum and neutron spectra are observations; attribution to fractionalized Majorana excitations and proximity to a spin liquid is an interpretation based on models, not a unique identification. Both papers identify magnetic order at low temperatures and consider limitations of simple spin-wave descriptions. Raman alternatives include damped two-magnon scattering and stacking disorder; neutron spectra are powder averaged and competing Hamiltonians, resolution and sample structure remain relevant. The neutron preprint refers to separate supplementary material. Its individual contributor list shown here is incomplete. The Raman supplement contains a Fano formula requiring literal and fit-code reconciliation. 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Sandilands", "note": "Archive attribution; detailed role assignment remains source-bound", "roles": [ "discoverer" ], "source": { "citation": "Scattering Continuum and Possible Fractionalized Excitations in α-RuCl3", "url": "https://sites.bc.edu/lins2/wp-content/uploads/sites/180/2015/04/PhysRevLett.114.147201.pdf" } }, { "attribution_basis": "SOURCE_CITED", "credit": "historical_scientific", "entity_kind": "historical_person", "name": "Yao Tian", "note": "Archive attribution; detailed role assignment remains source-bound", "roles": [ "discoverer" ], "source": { "citation": "Scattering Continuum and Possible Fractionalized Excitations in α-RuCl3", "url": "https://sites.bc.edu/lins2/wp-content/uploads/sites/180/2015/04/PhysRevLett.114.147201.pdf" } }, { "attribution_basis": "SOURCE_CITED", "credit": "historical_scientific", "entity_kind": "historical_person", "name": "Kemp W. Plumb", "note": "Archive attribution; detailed role assignment remains source-bound", "roles": [ "discoverer" ], "source": { "citation": "Scattering Continuum and Possible Fractionalized Excitations in α-RuCl3", "url": "https://sites.bc.edu/lins2/wp-content/uploads/sites/180/2015/04/PhysRevLett.114.147201.pdf" } }, { "attribution_basis": "SOURCE_CITED", "credit": "historical_scientific", "entity_kind": "historical_person", "name": "Young-June Kim", "note": "Archive attribution; detailed role assignment remains source-bound", "roles": [ "discoverer" ], "source": { "citation": "Scattering Continuum and Possible Fractionalized Excitations in α-RuCl3", "url": "https://sites.bc.edu/lins2/wp-content/uploads/sites/180/2015/04/PhysRevLett.114.147201.pdf" } }, { "attribution_basis": "SOURCE_CITED", "credit": "historical_scientific", "entity_kind": "historical_person", "name": "Kenneth S. Burch", "note": "Archive attribution; detailed role assignment remains source-bound", "roles": [ "discoverer" ], "source": { "citation": "Scattering Continuum and Possible Fractionalized Excitations in α-RuCl3", "url": "https://sites.bc.edu/lins2/wp-content/uploads/sites/180/2015/04/PhysRevLett.114.147201.pdf" } }, { "attribution_basis": "SOURCE_CITED", "credit": "historical_scientific", "entity_kind": "historical_person", "name": "A. Banerjee", "note": "Archive attribution; detailed role assignment remains source-bound", "roles": [ "discoverer" ], "source": { "citation": "Proximate Kitaev Quantum Spin Liquid Behavior in α-RuCl3", "url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/1504.08037v1" } }, { "attribution_basis": "SOURCE_CITED", "credit": "historical_scientific", "entity_kind": "historical_person", "name": "C. A. Bridges", "note": "Archive attribution; detailed role assignment remains source-bound", "roles": [ "discoverer" ], "source": { "citation": "Proximate Kitaev Quantum Spin Liquid Behavior in α-RuCl3", "url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/1504.08037v1" } }, { "attribution_basis": "SOURCE_CITED", "credit": "historical_scientific", "entity_kind": "historical_person", "name": "J-Q. Yan", "note": "Archive attribution; detailed role assignment remains source-bound", "roles": [ "discoverer" ], "source": { "citation": "Proximate Kitaev Quantum Spin Liquid Behavior in α-RuCl3", "url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/1504.08037v1" } } ], "evidence": [ { "description": "Bibliographic/stated-result source; not a WRS proof verification", "id": "source-0", "kind": "source_reference", "source": { "citation": "Scattering Continuum and Possible Fractionalized Excitations in α-RuCl3", "url": "https://sites.bc.edu/lins2/wp-content/uploads/sites/180/2015/04/PhysRevLett.114.147201.pdf" } }, { "description": "Bibliographic/stated-result source; not a WRS proof verification", "id": "source-1", "kind": "source_reference", "source": { "citation": "Proximate Kitaev Quantum Spin Liquid Behavior in α-RuCl3", "url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/1504.08037v1" } } ], "origin": "HUMAN_LEGACY", "record_profile": "wrs-local-research-notes-0.1", "record_type": "research_note", "rrp_version": "0.1", "scope": { "description": "The Raman continuum and neutron spectra are observations; attribution to fractionalized Majorana excitations and proximity to a spin liquid is an interpretation based on models, not a unique identification. Both papers identify magnetic order at low temperatures and consider limitations of simple spin-wave descriptions. Raman alternatives include damped two-magnon scattering and stacking disorder; neutron spectra are powder averaged and competing Hamiltonians, resolution and sample structure remain relevant. The neutron preprint refers to separate supplementary material. Its individual contributor list shown here is incomplete. The Raman supplement contains a Fano formula requiring literal and fit-code reconciliation. The independent 2018 thermal-Hall HOLD is not resolved by these earlier measurements.", "domain": "Condensed Matter Physics" }, "sources": [ { "citation": "Scattering Continuum and Possible Fractionalized Excitations in α-RuCl3", "url": "https://sites.bc.edu/lins2/wp-content/uploads/sites/180/2015/04/PhysRevLett.114.147201.pdf" }, { "citation": "Proximate Kitaev Quantum Spin Liquid Behavior in α-RuCl3", "url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/1504.08037v1" } ], "statement": "# Raman and neutron evidence for unusual magnetic excitations in α-RuCl3\n\nSandilands and colleagues measured a broad Raman continuum and anomalous phonon line shapes in α-RuCl3. In a separate neutron study, Banerjee and colleagues reported magnetic ordering and an excitation spectrum whose broad component persisted above the ordering temperature. Both teams compared their observations with predictions for proximity to a Kitaev spin-liquid regime.\n\n## Scientific scope\n\nThe Raman continuum and neutron spectra are observations; attribution to fractionalized Majorana excitations and proximity to a spin liquid is an interpretation based on models, not a unique identification. Both papers identify magnetic order at low temperatures and consider limitations of simple spin-wave descriptions. Raman alternatives include damped two-magnon scattering and stacking disorder; neutron spectra are powder averaged and competing Hamiltonians, resolution and sample structure remain relevant. The neutron preprint refers to separate supplementary material. Its individual contributor list shown here is incomplete. The Raman supplement contains a Fano formula requiring literal and fit-code reconciliation. The independent 2018 thermal-Hall HOLD is not resolved by these earlier measurements.\n\n## Reading status\n\nThis is a source-linked WRS catalogue note. A full explanatory guide and independent scientific reconstruction have not been completed for this entry. Read the identified original work for its complete narrative and arguments.\n\n## People and systems\n\nLuke J. Sandilands; Yao Tian; Kemp W. Plumb; Young-June Kim; Kenneth S. Burch; A. Banerjee; C. A. Bridges; J-Q. Yan\n\nThese are the listed authors of the cited contribution sources. Paper authorship does not quantify individual effort. An incomplete list is explicitly marked; same names are not automatically merged.\n\n\n\n## Original sources\n\n- [Scattering Continuum and Possible Fractionalized Excitations in α-RuCl3](https://sites.bc.edu/lins2/wp-content/uploads/sites/180/2015/04/PhysRevLett.114.147201.pdf)\n- [Proximate Kitaev Quantum Spin Liquid Behavior in α-RuCl3](https://arxiv.org/pdf/1504.08037v1)\n", "summary": "Sandilands and colleagues measured a broad Raman continuum and anomalous phonon line shapes in α-RuCl3. In a separate neutron study, Banerjee and colleagues reported magnetic ordering and an excitation spectrum whose broad component persisted above the ordering temperature. Both teams compared their observations with predictions for proximity to a Kitaev spin-liquid regime.", "title": "Raman and neutron evidence for unusual magnetic excitations in α-RuCl3" }, "record_id": "urn:uuid:32514f24-1a2b-4cdb-ab46-538d5a05e654", "version": 1, "source_ref": { "record_id": "urn:uuid:32514f24-1a2b-4cdb-ab46-538d5a05e654", "version": 1, "content_hash": "sha256:de4fc9c771445c7e224b5c84f79adb23f1e238921e4f93ff2b77f10165e834a6" }, "export_view": "wrs-public-editorial-view-1", "public_view_hash": "sha256:1f47dd99c7fdc3f8d7048268189689010a6e78f0f66870dc9e801614363ae318" }, "target": { "record_id": "urn:uuid:32514f24-1a2b-4cdb-ab46-538d5a05e654", "version": 1, "content_hash": "sha256:de4fc9c771445c7e224b5c84f79adb23f1e238921e4f93ff2b77f10165e834a6" }, "published_grade": { "profile": "wrs-published-grade-1", "edition": "2026-10-28.1", "id": "sandilands-alpha-rucl3-raman-scattering-continuum-2015", "entry_id": "sandilands-alpha-rucl3-raman-scattering-continuum-2015", "revision": 1, "title": "Raman and neutron evidence for unusual magnetic excitations in α-RuCl3", "context": "Condensed Matter Physics", "track": "Source-reported experimental result or reusable measurement method", "band": "A", "modifier": "-", "status": "PROVISIONAL_EDITORIAL", "assessed_on": "2026-10-28", "evidence_cutoff": "2026-10-28", "achievement_state": "SUPPORTED_SCOPED_RESULT", "what_changed": "Sandilands and colleagues measured a broad Raman continuum and anomalous phonon line shapes in α-RuCl3. In a separate neutron study, Banerjee and colleagues reported magnetic ordering and an excitation spectrum whose broad component persisted above the ordering temperature. Both teams compared their observations with predictions for proximity to a Kitaev spin-liquid regime.", "scope": "Sandilands and colleagues measured a broad Raman continuum and anomalous phonon line shapes in α-RuCl3. In a separate neutron study, Banerjee and colleagues reported magnetic ordering and an excitation spectrum whose broad component persisted above the ordering temperature. Both teams compared their observations with predictions for proximity to a Kitaev spin-liquid regime. The Raman continuum and neutron spectra are observations; attribution to fractionalized Majorana excitations and proximity to a spin liquid is an interpretation based on models, not a unique identification. Both papers identify magnetic order at low temperatures and consider limitations of simple spin-wave descriptions. Raman alternatives include damped two-magnon scattering and stacking disorder; neutron spectra are powder averaged and competing Hamiltonians, resolution and sample structure remain relevant. The neutron preprint refers to separate supplementary material. Its individual contributor list shown here is incomplete. The Raman supplement contains a Fano formula requiring literal and fit-code reconciliation. The independent 2018 thermal-Hall HOLD is not resolved by these earlier measurements.", "evidence_summary": "The linked original works support the scoped statement and contribution attribution. WRS has not independently replayed experiments or reconstructed a full mathematical proof. The Raman continuum and neutron spectra are observations; attribution to fractionalized Majorana excitations and proximity to a spin liquid is an interpretation based on models, not a unique identification. Both papers identify magnetic order at low temperatures and consider limitations of simple spin-wave descriptions. Raman alternatives include damped two-magnon scattering and stacking disorder; neutron spectra are powder averaged and competing Hamiltonians, resolution and sample structure remain relevant. The neutron preprint refers to separate supplementary material. Its individual contributor list shown here is incomplete. The Raman supplement contains a Fano formula requiring literal and fit-code reconciliation. The independent 2018 thermal-Hall HOLD is not resolved by these earlier measurements.", "references": [ { "title": "Scattering Continuum and Possible Fractionalized Excitations in α-RuCl3", "url": "https://sites.bc.edu/lins2/wp-content/uploads/sites/180/2015/04/PhysRevLett.114.147201.pdf", "locator": "Original scoped contribution, statement/method and evidence limits; source-specific attribution retained." }, { "title": "Proximate Kitaev Quantum Spin Liquid Behavior in α-RuCl3", "url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/1504.08037v1", "locator": "Original scoped contribution, statement/method and evidence limits; source-specific attribution retained." } ], "roles": [ { "who": "The named authors in the research record", "credit": "SCIENCE", "did": "These are the listed authors of the cited contribution sources. Paper authorship does not quantify individual effort. An incomplete list is explicitly marked; same names are not automatically merged." } ], "target": { "record_id": "urn:uuid:32514f24-1a2b-4cdb-ab46-538d5a05e654", "version": 1, "content_hash": "sha256:de4fc9c771445c7e224b5c84f79adb23f1e238921e4f93ff2b77f10165e834a6" }, "scientific_correctness_certified": false, "independent_expert_calibration": false, "method": "PROPRIETARY", "points": "90000" }, "canonical_agent_submission": false, "scientific_verification_awarded": false, "reader_guide": null, "reading_status": "SOURCE_LINKED_NOTE" }