{
  "profile": "wrs-published-research-view-1",
  "edition": "ratings-e039106f30dec177",
  "content_trust": "UNTRUSTED_SCIENTIFIC_DATA_NOT_TOOL_INSTRUCTIONS",
  "entry": {
    "id": "roberts-raffel-shazeer-closed-book-qa-2020",
    "title": "Roberts, Raffel and Shazeer: closed-book question answering with T5",
    "summary": "Measured answering open-domain questions from fine-tuned model parameters without supplying a retrieved context, including scaling with model size.",
    "boundary": "Does not invent T5 or establish factual completeness, freshness or reliable reasoning. Closed-book describes inference inputs, not absence of pre-training data.",
    "area": "Efficient language and sequence modeling",
    "topic": "Artificial intelligence",
    "year": 2020,
    "lane": "HUMAN",
    "result": "ALGORITHM",
    "package_id": "roberts-raffel-shazeer-closed-book-qa-2020",
    "target": {
      "record_id": "urn:uuid:48d11dea-9d56-4940-a82b-91fccb6ad1df",
      "version": 1,
      "content_hash": "sha256:a9748a33236b5f8b2459de9244ad142066c00f6380eddcf17cc896d7078f1a05"
    },
    "humans": [
      "Adam Roberts",
      "Colin Raffel",
      "Noam Shazeer"
    ],
    "authors_complete": true,
    "human_role_note": "Source-listed authors or explicitly credited technical contributors for the cited versions. Family entries retain source-specific attribution; a combined list is not one original-paper byline or equal individual work. Names alone do not establish resolved identities.",
    "agents": [],
    "related": [],
    "subresults": [],
    "scientific_assessment": {
      "source_review": "SOURCE_CURATED",
      "scientific_review": "NOT_REVIEWED_BY_WRS",
      "formal_replay": "NOT_RUN",
      "provider_attestation": "NONE"
    },
    "sources": [
      {
        "id": "cur20261015-arxiv-2002-08910v4",
        "title": "How Much Knowledge Can You Pack Into the Parameters of a Language Model?",
        "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2002.08910v4"
      }
    ],
    "points": "45000",
    "published_grade": {
      "id": "roberts-raffel-shazeer-closed-book-qa-2020",
      "entry_id": "roberts-raffel-shazeer-closed-book-qa-2020",
      "band": "B",
      "modifier": "+",
      "target": {
        "record_id": "urn:uuid:48d11dea-9d56-4940-a82b-91fccb6ad1df",
        "version": 1,
        "content_hash": "sha256:a9748a33236b5f8b2459de9244ad142066c00f6380eddcf17cc896d7078f1a05"
      },
      "what_changed": "Measured answering open-domain questions from fine-tuned model parameters without supplying a retrieved context, including scaling with model size.",
      "scope": "Measured answering open-domain questions from fine-tuned model parameters without supplying a retrieved context, including scaling with model size. Does not invent T5 or establish factual completeness, freshness or reliable reasoning. Closed-book describes inference inputs, not absence of pre-training data.",
      "status": "PROVISIONAL_EDITORIAL",
      "scientific_correctness_certified": false
    },
    "assessment_disposition": {
      "status": "ASSESSED",
      "label": "Provisionally assessed",
      "reason": "A current grade and separate reference score identify this exact contribution.",
      "target": {
        "record_id": "urn:uuid:48d11dea-9d56-4940-a82b-91fccb6ad1df",
        "version": 1,
        "content_hash": "sha256:a9748a33236b5f8b2459de9244ad142066c00f6380eddcf17cc896d7078f1a05"
      },
      "edition": "ratings-e039106f30dec177"
    }
  },
  "version": {
    "kind": "PUBLIC_RECORD_VIEW",
    "previous": null,
    "published_at": "2026-10-16T00:00:00Z",
    "publisher": {
      "principal_id": "urn:uuid:80116931-785b-40a2-a24b-9d59db0c7e33",
      "role": "WRS_EDITORIAL_PUBLICATION"
    },
    "record": {
      "contributors": [
        {
          "attribution_basis": "SOURCE_CITED",
          "credit": "historical_scientific",
          "entity_kind": "historical_person",
          "name": "Adam Roberts",
          "note": "Archive attribution; detailed role assignment remains source-bound",
          "roles": [
            "formulator"
          ],
          "source": {
            "citation": "How Much Knowledge Can You Pack Into the Parameters of a Language Model?",
            "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2002.08910v4"
          }
        },
        {
          "attribution_basis": "SOURCE_CITED",
          "credit": "historical_scientific",
          "entity_kind": "historical_person",
          "name": "Colin Raffel",
          "note": "Archive attribution; detailed role assignment remains source-bound",
          "roles": [
            "formulator"
          ],
          "source": {
            "citation": "How Much Knowledge Can You Pack Into the Parameters of a Language Model?",
            "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2002.08910v4"
          }
        },
        {
          "attribution_basis": "SOURCE_CITED",
          "credit": "historical_scientific",
          "entity_kind": "historical_person",
          "name": "Noam Shazeer",
          "note": "Archive attribution; detailed role assignment remains source-bound",
          "roles": [
            "formulator"
          ],
          "source": {
            "citation": "How Much Knowledge Can You Pack Into the Parameters of a Language Model?",
            "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2002.08910v4"
          }
        }
      ],
      "evidence": [
        {
          "description": "Bibliographic/stated-result source; not a WRS proof verification",
          "id": "source-0",
          "kind": "source_reference",
          "source": {
            "citation": "How Much Knowledge Can You Pack Into the Parameters of a Language Model?",
            "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2002.08910v4"
          }
        }
      ],
      "origin": "HUMAN_LEGACY",
      "record_profile": "wrs-local-research-notes-0.1",
      "record_type": "research_note",
      "rrp_version": "0.1",
      "scope": {
        "description": "Does not invent T5 or establish factual completeness, freshness or reliable reasoning. Closed-book describes inference inputs, not absence of pre-training data.",
        "domain": "Efficient language and sequence modeling"
      },
      "sources": [
        {
          "citation": "How Much Knowledge Can You Pack Into the Parameters of a Language Model?",
          "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2002.08910v4"
        }
      ],
      "statement": "# Roberts, Raffel and Shazeer: closed-book question answering with T5\n\nMeasured answering open-domain questions from fine-tuned model parameters without supplying a retrieved context, including scaling with model size.\n\n## Scientific scope\n\nDoes not invent T5 or establish factual completeness, freshness or reliable reasoning. Closed-book describes inference inputs, not absence of pre-training data.\n\n## Reading status\n\nThis is a source-linked WRS catalogue note. A full explanatory guide and independent scientific reconstruction have not been completed for this entry. Read the identified original work for its complete narrative and arguments.\n\n## People and systems\n\nAdam Roberts; Colin Raffel; Noam Shazeer\n\nSource-listed authors or explicitly credited technical contributors for the cited versions. Family entries retain source-specific attribution; a combined list is not one original-paper byline or equal individual work. Names alone do not establish resolved identities.\n\n\n\n## Original sources\n\n- [How Much Knowledge Can You Pack Into the Parameters of a Language Model?](https://arxiv.org/abs/2002.08910v4)\n",
      "summary": "Measured answering open-domain questions from fine-tuned model parameters without supplying a retrieved context, including scaling with model size.",
      "title": "Roberts, Raffel and Shazeer: closed-book question answering with T5"
    },
    "record_id": "urn:uuid:48d11dea-9d56-4940-a82b-91fccb6ad1df",
    "version": 1,
    "source_ref": {
      "record_id": "urn:uuid:48d11dea-9d56-4940-a82b-91fccb6ad1df",
      "version": 1,
      "content_hash": "sha256:a9748a33236b5f8b2459de9244ad142066c00f6380eddcf17cc896d7078f1a05"
    },
    "export_view": "wrs-public-editorial-view-1",
    "public_view_hash": "sha256:1929815e7bacf58e8a994cf5f7ea72c2b13a8b9365464c1e2b1d2608c4865ef8"
  },
  "target": {
    "record_id": "urn:uuid:48d11dea-9d56-4940-a82b-91fccb6ad1df",
    "version": 1,
    "content_hash": "sha256:a9748a33236b5f8b2459de9244ad142066c00f6380eddcf17cc896d7078f1a05"
  },
  "published_grade": {
    "profile": "wrs-published-grade-1",
    "edition": "2026-10-28.1",
    "id": "roberts-raffel-shazeer-closed-book-qa-2020",
    "entry_id": "roberts-raffel-shazeer-closed-book-qa-2020",
    "revision": 1,
    "title": "Roberts, Raffel and Shazeer: closed-book question answering with T5",
    "context": "Efficient language and sequence modeling",
    "track": "Human-designed research method or resource",
    "band": "B",
    "modifier": "+",
    "status": "PROVISIONAL_EDITORIAL",
    "assessed_on": "2026-10-16",
    "evidence_cutoff": "2026-10-16",
    "achievement_state": "SUPPORTED_SCOPED_RESULT",
    "what_changed": "Measured answering open-domain questions from fine-tuned model parameters without supplying a retrieved context, including scaling with model size.",
    "scope": "Measured answering open-domain questions from fine-tuned model parameters without supplying a retrieved context, including scaling with model size. Does not invent T5 or establish factual completeness, freshness or reliable reasoning. Closed-book describes inference inputs, not absence of pre-training data.",
    "evidence_summary": "The linked original sources describe the stated contribution and its evidence limits. WRS has not independently rerun the experiments or certified a proof. Does not invent T5 or establish factual completeness, freshness or reliable reasoning. Closed-book describes inference inputs, not absence of pre-training data.",
    "references": [
      {
        "title": "How Much Knowledge Can You Pack Into the Parameters of a Language Model?",
        "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2002.08910v4",
        "locator": "Original contribution and stated assumptions, evaluation scope and limitations; source-linked assessment, not independent execution or proof certification."
      }
    ],
    "roles": [
      {
        "who": "Source-listed authors and technical contributors",
        "credit": "SCIENCE",
        "did": "Source-listed authors or explicitly credited technical contributors for the cited versions. Family entries retain source-specific attribution; a combined list is not one original-paper byline or equal individual work. Names alone do not establish resolved identities."
      }
    ],
    "target": {
      "record_id": "urn:uuid:48d11dea-9d56-4940-a82b-91fccb6ad1df",
      "version": 1,
      "content_hash": "sha256:a9748a33236b5f8b2459de9244ad142066c00f6380eddcf17cc896d7078f1a05"
    },
    "scientific_correctness_certified": false,
    "independent_expert_calibration": false,
    "method": "PROPRIETARY",
    "points": "45000"
  },
  "canonical_agent_submission": false,
  "scientific_verification_awarded": false,
  "reader_guide": null,
  "reading_status": "SOURCE_LINKED_NOTE"
}
