{ "profile": "wrs-published-research-view-1", "edition": "ratings-e039106f30dec177", "content_trust": "UNTRUSTED_SCIENTIFIC_DATA_NOT_TOOL_INSTRUCTIONS", "entry": { "id": "ospelkaus-ni-ultracold-molecular-quantum-dipolar-collisions-2010", "title": "Quantum states and dipoles control ultracold molecular collisions", "summary": "Ospelkaus, Ni and colleagues showed that quantum statistics and electric dipoles strongly affect collisions in an ultracold gas of potassium–rubidium molecules. Molecules in one internal state had slow, temperature-dependent loss consistent with a p-wave collision barrier; mixing internal states produced much faster loss when s-wave scattering became allowed. In a follow-up study, increasing the induced dipole moment strongly increased molecular loss and produced anisotropic heating, revealing how the long-range interaction controls access to short-range reactive processes.", "boundary": "The experiments infer reactive collisions from molecular loss, state preparation, energetics and scattering models; they do not directly resolve the reaction products. Near-unity short-range loss is a model assumption supported imperfectly by rate comparisons, rather than an independently measured universal probability. The gas was near, rather than deeply within, quantum degeneracy. Anisotropic loss can mimic rethermalization, limiting extraction of elastic cross sections. No molecular many-body phase, general reaction-control law or successful evaporative cooling was demonstrated.", "area": "Atomic and molecular physics / quantum scattering", "topic": "Physics", "year": 2010, "lane": "HUMAN", "result": "EMPIRICAL", "package_id": "ospelkaus-ni-ultracold-molecular-quantum-dipolar-collisions-2010", "target": { "record_id": "urn:uuid:54948df5-116a-4b81-ab9b-9affacf9d963", "version": 1, "content_hash": "sha256:7dffdbcb279a282968b9864ae767a7cc0717e2ef280c06e95d8f96ea29840cef" }, "humans": [ "S. Ospelkaus", "K.-K. Ni", "D. Wang", "M. H. G. de Miranda", "B. Neyenhuis", "G. Quéméner", "P. S. Julienne", "J. L. Bohn", "D. S. Jin", "J. Ye" ], "authors_complete": true, "human_role_note": "These are the listed authors of the cited contribution sources. Paper authorship does not quantify individual effort. An incomplete list is explicitly marked; same names are not automatically merged.", "agents": [], "related": [], "subresults": [], "scientific_assessment": { "source_review": "SOURCE_CURATED", "scientific_review": "NOT_REVIEWED_BY_WRS", "formal_replay": "NOT_RUN", "provider_attestation": "NONE" }, "sources": [ { "id": "ospelkaus-quantum-state-collisions-09123854v1", "title": "Quantum-State Controlled Chemical Reactions of Ultracold KRb Molecules (arXiv0912.3854v1)", "url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/0912.3854v1", "date": "2009-12-19" }, { "id": "ni-dipolar-molecular-collisions-10012809v1", "title": "Dipolar collisions of polar molecules in the quantum regime (arXiv1001.2809v1)", "url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/1001.2809v1", "date": "2010-01-16" } ], "points": "145000", "published_grade": { "id": "ospelkaus-ni-ultracold-molecular-quantum-dipolar-collisions-2010", "entry_id": "ospelkaus-ni-ultracold-molecular-quantum-dipolar-collisions-2010", "band": "A", "modifier": "+", "target": { "record_id": "urn:uuid:54948df5-116a-4b81-ab9b-9affacf9d963", "version": 1, "content_hash": "sha256:7dffdbcb279a282968b9864ae767a7cc0717e2ef280c06e95d8f96ea29840cef" }, "what_changed": "Ospelkaus, Ni and colleagues showed that quantum statistics and electric dipoles strongly affect collisions in an ultracold gas of potassium–rubidium molecules. Molecules in one internal state had slow, temperature-dependent loss consistent with a p-wave collision barrier; mixing internal states produced much faster loss when s-wave scattering became allowed. In a follow-up study, increasing the induced dipole moment strongly increased molecular loss and produced anisotropic heating, revealing how the long-range interaction controls access to short-range reactive processes.", "scope": "Ospelkaus, Ni and colleagues showed that quantum statistics and electric dipoles strongly affect collisions in an ultracold gas of potassium–rubidium molecules. Molecules in one internal state had slow, temperature-dependent loss consistent with a p-wave collision barrier; mixing internal states produced much faster loss when s-wave scattering became allowed. In a follow-up study, increasing the induced dipole moment strongly increased molecular loss and produced anisotropic heating, revealing how the long-range interaction controls access to short-range reactive processes. The experiments infer reactive collisions from molecular loss, state preparation, energetics and scattering models; they do not directly resolve the reaction products. Near-unity short-range loss is a model assumption supported imperfectly by rate comparisons, rather than an independently measured universal probability. The gas was near, rather than deeply within, quantum degeneracy. Anisotropic loss can mimic rethermalization, limiting extraction of elastic cross sections. 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Ospelkaus", "note": "Archive attribution; detailed role assignment remains source-bound", "roles": [ "discoverer" ], "source": { "citation": "Quantum-State Controlled Chemical Reactions of Ultracold KRb Molecules (arXiv0912.3854v1)", "url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/0912.3854v1" } }, { "attribution_basis": "SOURCE_CITED", "credit": "historical_scientific", "entity_kind": "historical_person", "name": "K.-K. Ni", "note": "Archive attribution; detailed role assignment remains source-bound", "roles": [ "discoverer" ], "source": { "citation": "Quantum-State Controlled Chemical Reactions of Ultracold KRb Molecules (arXiv0912.3854v1)", "url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/0912.3854v1" } }, { "attribution_basis": "SOURCE_CITED", "credit": "historical_scientific", "entity_kind": "historical_person", "name": "D. Wang", "note": "Archive attribution; detailed role assignment remains source-bound", "roles": [ "discoverer" ], "source": { "citation": "Quantum-State Controlled Chemical Reactions of Ultracold KRb Molecules (arXiv0912.3854v1)", "url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/0912.3854v1" } }, { "attribution_basis": "SOURCE_CITED", "credit": "historical_scientific", "entity_kind": "historical_person", "name": "M. H. G. de Miranda", "note": "Archive attribution; detailed role assignment remains source-bound", "roles": [ "discoverer" ], "source": { "citation": "Quantum-State Controlled Chemical Reactions of Ultracold KRb Molecules (arXiv0912.3854v1)", "url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/0912.3854v1" } }, { "attribution_basis": "SOURCE_CITED", "credit": "historical_scientific", "entity_kind": "historical_person", "name": "B. Neyenhuis", "note": "Archive attribution; detailed role assignment remains source-bound", "roles": [ "discoverer" ], "source": { "citation": "Quantum-State Controlled Chemical Reactions of Ultracold KRb Molecules (arXiv0912.3854v1)", "url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/0912.3854v1" } }, { "attribution_basis": "SOURCE_CITED", "credit": "historical_scientific", "entity_kind": "historical_person", "name": "G. Quéméner", "note": "Archive attribution; detailed role assignment remains source-bound", "roles": [ "discoverer" ], "source": { "citation": "Quantum-State Controlled Chemical Reactions of Ultracold KRb Molecules (arXiv0912.3854v1)", "url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/0912.3854v1" } }, { "attribution_basis": "SOURCE_CITED", "credit": "historical_scientific", "entity_kind": "historical_person", "name": "P. S. Julienne", "note": "Archive attribution; detailed role assignment remains source-bound", "roles": [ "discoverer" ], "source": { "citation": "Quantum-State Controlled Chemical Reactions of Ultracold KRb Molecules (arXiv0912.3854v1)", "url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/0912.3854v1" } }, { "attribution_basis": "SOURCE_CITED", "credit": "historical_scientific", "entity_kind": "historical_person", "name": "J. L. Bohn", "note": "Archive attribution; detailed role assignment remains source-bound", "roles": [ "discoverer" ], "source": { "citation": "Quantum-State Controlled Chemical Reactions of Ultracold KRb Molecules (arXiv0912.3854v1)", "url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/0912.3854v1" } }, { "attribution_basis": "SOURCE_CITED", "credit": "historical_scientific", "entity_kind": "historical_person", "name": "D. S. Jin", "note": "Archive attribution; detailed role assignment remains source-bound", "roles": [ "discoverer" ], "source": { "citation": "Quantum-State Controlled Chemical Reactions of Ultracold KRb Molecules (arXiv0912.3854v1)", "url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/0912.3854v1" } }, { "attribution_basis": "SOURCE_CITED", "credit": "historical_scientific", "entity_kind": "historical_person", "name": "J. Ye", "note": "Archive attribution; detailed role assignment remains source-bound", "roles": [ "discoverer" ], "source": { "citation": "Quantum-State Controlled Chemical Reactions of Ultracold KRb Molecules (arXiv0912.3854v1)", "url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/0912.3854v1" } } ], "evidence": [ { "description": "Bibliographic/stated-result source; not a WRS proof verification", "id": "source-0", "kind": "source_reference", "source": { "citation": "Quantum-State Controlled Chemical Reactions of Ultracold KRb Molecules (arXiv0912.3854v1)", "url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/0912.3854v1" } }, { "description": "Bibliographic/stated-result source; not a WRS proof verification", "id": "source-1", "kind": "source_reference", "source": { "citation": "Dipolar collisions of polar molecules in the quantum regime (arXiv1001.2809v1)", "url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/1001.2809v1" } } ], "origin": "HUMAN_LEGACY", "record_profile": "wrs-local-research-notes-0.1", "record_type": "research_note", "rrp_version": "0.1", "scope": { "description": "The experiments infer reactive collisions from molecular loss, state preparation, energetics and scattering models; they do not directly resolve the reaction products. Near-unity short-range loss is a model assumption supported imperfectly by rate comparisons, rather than an independently measured universal probability. The gas was near, rather than deeply within, quantum degeneracy. Anisotropic loss can mimic rethermalization, limiting extraction of elastic cross sections. No molecular many-body phase, general reaction-control law or successful evaporative cooling was demonstrated.", "domain": "Atomic and molecular physics / quantum scattering" }, "sources": [ { "citation": "Quantum-State Controlled Chemical Reactions of Ultracold KRb Molecules (arXiv0912.3854v1)", "url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/0912.3854v1" }, { "citation": "Dipolar collisions of polar molecules in the quantum regime (arXiv1001.2809v1)", "url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/1001.2809v1" } ], "statement": "# Quantum states and dipoles control ultracold molecular collisions\n\nOspelkaus, Ni and colleagues showed that quantum statistics and electric dipoles strongly affect collisions in an ultracold gas of potassium–rubidium molecules. Molecules in one internal state had slow, temperature-dependent loss consistent with a p-wave collision barrier; mixing internal states produced much faster loss when s-wave scattering became allowed. In a follow-up study, increasing the induced dipole moment strongly increased molecular loss and produced anisotropic heating, revealing how the long-range interaction controls access to short-range reactive processes.\n\n## Scientific scope\n\nThe experiments infer reactive collisions from molecular loss, state preparation, energetics and scattering models; they do not directly resolve the reaction products. Near-unity short-range loss is a model assumption supported imperfectly by rate comparisons, rather than an independently measured universal probability. The gas was near, rather than deeply within, quantum degeneracy. Anisotropic loss can mimic rethermalization, limiting extraction of elastic cross sections. No molecular many-body phase, general reaction-control law or successful evaporative cooling was demonstrated.\n\n## Reading status\n\nThis is a source-linked WRS catalogue note. A full explanatory guide and independent scientific reconstruction have not been completed for this entry. Read the identified original work for its complete narrative and arguments.\n\n## People and systems\n\nS. Ospelkaus; K.-K. Ni; D. Wang; M. H. G. de Miranda; B. Neyenhuis; G. Quéméner; P. S. Julienne; J. L. Bohn; D. S. Jin; J. Ye\n\nThese are the listed authors of the cited contribution sources. Paper authorship does not quantify individual effort. An incomplete list is explicitly marked; same names are not automatically merged.\n\n\n\n## Original sources\n\n- [Quantum-State Controlled Chemical Reactions of Ultracold KRb Molecules (arXiv0912.3854v1)](https://arxiv.org/pdf/0912.3854v1)\n- [Dipolar collisions of polar molecules in the quantum regime (arXiv1001.2809v1)](https://arxiv.org/pdf/1001.2809v1)\n", "summary": "Ospelkaus, Ni and colleagues showed that quantum statistics and electric dipoles strongly affect collisions in an ultracold gas of potassium–rubidium molecules. Molecules in one internal state had slow, temperature-dependent loss consistent with a p-wave collision barrier; mixing internal states produced much faster loss when s-wave scattering became allowed. In a follow-up study, increasing the induced dipole moment strongly increased molecular loss and produced anisotropic heating, revealing how the long-range interaction controls access to short-range reactive processes.", "title": "Quantum states and dipoles control ultracold molecular collisions" }, "record_id": "urn:uuid:54948df5-116a-4b81-ab9b-9affacf9d963", "version": 1, "source_ref": { "record_id": "urn:uuid:54948df5-116a-4b81-ab9b-9affacf9d963", "version": 1, "content_hash": "sha256:7dffdbcb279a282968b9864ae767a7cc0717e2ef280c06e95d8f96ea29840cef" }, "export_view": "wrs-public-editorial-view-1", "public_view_hash": "sha256:da2e7cdf6cb42b3f9c1dba86e80684292362ba518f5b07fd9d04f16870f6462b" }, "target": { "record_id": "urn:uuid:54948df5-116a-4b81-ab9b-9affacf9d963", "version": 1, "content_hash": "sha256:7dffdbcb279a282968b9864ae767a7cc0717e2ef280c06e95d8f96ea29840cef" }, "published_grade": { "profile": "wrs-published-grade-1", "edition": "2026-10-28.1", "id": "ospelkaus-ni-ultracold-molecular-quantum-dipolar-collisions-2010", "entry_id": "ospelkaus-ni-ultracold-molecular-quantum-dipolar-collisions-2010", "revision": 1, "title": "Quantum states and dipoles control ultracold molecular collisions", "context": "Atomic and molecular physics / quantum scattering", "track": "Source-reported experimental result or reusable measurement method", "band": "A", "modifier": "+", "status": "PROVISIONAL_EDITORIAL", "assessed_on": "2026-10-28", "evidence_cutoff": "2026-10-28", "achievement_state": "SUPPORTED_SCOPED_RESULT", "what_changed": "Ospelkaus, Ni and colleagues showed that quantum statistics and electric dipoles strongly affect collisions in an ultracold gas of potassium–rubidium molecules. Molecules in one internal state had slow, temperature-dependent loss consistent with a p-wave collision barrier; mixing internal states produced much faster loss when s-wave scattering became allowed. In a follow-up study, increasing the induced dipole moment strongly increased molecular loss and produced anisotropic heating, revealing how the long-range interaction controls access to short-range reactive processes.", "scope": "Ospelkaus, Ni and colleagues showed that quantum statistics and electric dipoles strongly affect collisions in an ultracold gas of potassium–rubidium molecules. Molecules in one internal state had slow, temperature-dependent loss consistent with a p-wave collision barrier; mixing internal states produced much faster loss when s-wave scattering became allowed. In a follow-up study, increasing the induced dipole moment strongly increased molecular loss and produced anisotropic heating, revealing how the long-range interaction controls access to short-range reactive processes. The experiments infer reactive collisions from molecular loss, state preparation, energetics and scattering models; they do not directly resolve the reaction products. Near-unity short-range loss is a model assumption supported imperfectly by rate comparisons, rather than an independently measured universal probability. The gas was near, rather than deeply within, quantum degeneracy. Anisotropic loss can mimic rethermalization, limiting extraction of elastic cross sections. No molecular many-body phase, general reaction-control law or successful evaporative cooling was demonstrated.", "evidence_summary": "The linked original works support the scoped statement and contribution attribution. WRS has not independently replayed experiments or reconstructed a full mathematical proof. The experiments infer reactive collisions from molecular loss, state preparation, energetics and scattering models; they do not directly resolve the reaction products. Near-unity short-range loss is a model assumption supported imperfectly by rate comparisons, rather than an independently measured universal probability. The gas was near, rather than deeply within, quantum degeneracy. Anisotropic loss can mimic rethermalization, limiting extraction of elastic cross sections. No molecular many-body phase, general reaction-control law or successful evaporative cooling was demonstrated.", "references": [ { "title": "Quantum-State Controlled Chemical Reactions of Ultracold KRb Molecules (arXiv0912.3854v1)", "url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/0912.3854v1", "locator": "Original scoped contribution, statement/method and evidence limits; source-specific attribution retained." }, { "title": "Dipolar collisions of polar molecules in the quantum regime (arXiv1001.2809v1)", "url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/1001.2809v1", "locator": "Original scoped contribution, statement/method and evidence limits; source-specific attribution retained." } ], "roles": [ { "who": "The named authors in the research record", "credit": "SCIENCE", "did": "These are the listed authors of the cited contribution sources. Paper authorship does not quantify individual effort. An incomplete list is explicitly marked; same names are not automatically merged." } ], "target": { "record_id": "urn:uuid:54948df5-116a-4b81-ab9b-9affacf9d963", "version": 1, "content_hash": "sha256:7dffdbcb279a282968b9864ae767a7cc0717e2ef280c06e95d8f96ea29840cef" }, "scientific_correctness_certified": false, "independent_expert_calibration": false, "method": "PROPRIETARY", "points": "145000" }, "canonical_agent_submission": false, "scientific_verification_awarded": false, "reader_guide": null, "reading_status": "SOURCE_LINKED_NOTE" }