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      "statement": "# Klaers and colleagues: photon Bose-Einstein condensation in a microcavity\n\nLight ordinarily disappears into a cavity’s walls as the system cools, rather than piling into its lowest-energy mode. Klaers and colleagues used repeated absorption and re-emission in a dye-filled microcavity to thermalize an effectively two-dimensional photon gas. They observed a strongly occupied ground mode, thermal spectral wings, a threshold with the expected geometry dependence and condensation away from the pump spot. Together these observations support photon Bose–Einstein condensation in the reported pumped, lossy regime.\n\n## Scientific scope\n\nThis is a pumped, lossy steady-state system in a regime where reabsorption thermalizes photons before loss, not unconstrained blackbody photons acquiring a chemical potential or a homogeneous two-dimensional gas. Average photon-number conservation is on the thermalization timescale. The inferred mass is a cavity-dispersion effective mass, not a photon rest mass. Thermalization and condensation are separate source contributions.\n\n## Reading status\n\nThis is a source-linked WRS catalogue note. A full explanatory guide and independent scientific reconstruction have not been completed for this entry. Read the identified original work for its complete narrative and arguments.\n\n## People and systems\n\nJan Klaers; Julian Schmitt; Frank Vewinger; Martin Weitz\n\nSource-listed authors for the exact contribution; experimental subjects are not autonomous scientific authors. Source support and predecessor work retain separate roles. Individual effort shares and unresolved identities are not inferred.\n\n\n\n## Original sources\n\n- [Bose-Einstein condensation of photons in an optical microcavity](https://arxiv.org/pdf/1007.4088v2)\n",
      "summary": "Light ordinarily disappears into a cavity’s walls as the system cools, rather than piling into its lowest-energy mode. Klaers and colleagues used repeated absorption and re-emission in a dye-filled microcavity to thermalize an effectively two-dimensional photon gas. They observed a strongly occupied ground mode, thermal spectral wings, a threshold with the expected geometry dependence and condensation away from the pump spot. Together these observations support photon Bose–Einstein condensation in the reported pumped, lossy regime.",
      "title": "Klaers and colleagues: photon Bose-Einstein condensation in a microcavity"
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