{
  "profile": "wrs-published-research-view-1",
  "edition": "ratings-e039106f30dec177",
  "content_trust": "UNTRUSTED_SCIENTIFIC_DATA_NOT_TOOL_INSTRUCTIONS",
  "entry": {
    "id": "jevons-numerical-discrimination-1871",
    "title": "Jevons: the power of numerical discrimination",
    "summary": "Reported experiments on the number of visually presented objects that could be apprehended without successive counting, providing an early quantitative study of instantaneous numerical discrimination.",
    "boundary": "The record is Jevons’s exact 1871 Nature article. Contemporary replies, later subitizing terminology, modern psychophysical models and broader working-memory claims remain separate.",
    "area": "Neuroscience and psychiatry",
    "year": 1871,
    "lane": "HUMAN",
    "result": "EMPIRICAL",
    "package_id": "jevons-numerical-discrimination-1871",
    "target": {
      "record_id": "urn:uuid:0959074d-3793-47af-a3de-bfb87111d621",
      "version": 1,
      "content_hash": "sha256:84101515ec29778766fcc0aad64afa3fd8d60b24b14d8c4fe0178cd52c2e3453"
    },
    "humans": [
      "William Stanley Jevons"
    ],
    "authors_complete": true,
    "human_role_note": "The named authors contributed to this scoped work; individual effort shares and later applications are not assigned by the byline.",
    "agents": [],
    "related": [],
    "subresults": [],
    "scientific_assessment": {
      "source_review": "SOURCE_CURATED",
      "scientific_review": "NOT_REVIEWED_BY_WRS",
      "formal_replay": "NOT_RUN",
      "provider_attestation": "NONE"
    },
    "sources": [
      {
        "id": "nature-jevons-1871",
        "title": "Jevons, The Power of Numerical Discrimination",
        "url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/003281a0"
      },
      {
        "id": "crossref-jevons-1871",
        "title": "Crossref record for Jevons 1871",
        "url": "https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1038%2F003281a0"
      }
    ],
    "geography": {
      "country_codes": [
        "GB"
      ],
      "location_basis": "Documented research locations or paper affiliations for this contribution. Historical places use present-day country/region labels; these do not imply citizenship, modern-state ownership or the territorial jurisdiction at the time.",
      "source_url": "https://mathshistory.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Jevons/",
      "target": {
        "record_id": "urn:uuid:0959074d-3793-47af-a3de-bfb87111d621",
        "version": 1,
        "content_hash": "sha256:84101515ec29778766fcc0aad64afa3fd8d60b24b14d8c4fe0178cd52c2e3453"
      },
      "basis": "RESEARCH_LOCATION_OR_PAPER_AFFILIATION",
      "reviewed_on": "2026-09-26",
      "nationality_inferred": false,
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "Attribution source",
          "url": "https://mathshistory.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Jevons/"
        }
      ],
      "coverage_status": "COMPLETE",
      "country_labels": {
        "GB": "United Kingdom"
      }
    },
    "points": "50000",
    "published_grade": {
      "id": "jevons-numerical-discrimination-1871",
      "entry_id": "jevons-numerical-discrimination-1871",
      "band": "B",
      "modifier": null,
      "target": {
        "record_id": "urn:uuid:0959074d-3793-47af-a3de-bfb87111d621",
        "version": 1,
        "content_hash": "sha256:84101515ec29778766fcc0aad64afa3fd8d60b24b14d8c4fe0178cd52c2e3453"
      },
      "what_changed": "Immediate numerical apprehension became experimentally measurable.",
      "scope": "Jevons's 1871 article, not later subitizing theory or working-memory claims.",
      "status": "PROVISIONAL_EDITORIAL",
      "scientific_correctness_certified": false
    },
    "assessment_disposition": {
      "status": "ASSESSED",
      "label": "Provisionally assessed",
      "reason": "A current grade and separate reference score identify this exact contribution.",
      "target": {
        "record_id": "urn:uuid:0959074d-3793-47af-a3de-bfb87111d621",
        "version": 1,
        "content_hash": "sha256:84101515ec29778766fcc0aad64afa3fd8d60b24b14d8c4fe0178cd52c2e3453"
      },
      "edition": "ratings-e039106f30dec177"
    }
  },
  "version": {
    "kind": "PUBLIC_RECORD_VIEW",
    "previous": null,
    "published_at": "2026-09-25T00:00:00Z",
    "publisher": {
      "principal_id": "urn:uuid:80116931-785b-40a2-a24b-9d59db0c7e33",
      "role": "WRS_EDITORIAL_PUBLICATION"
    },
    "record": {
      "contributors": [
        {
          "attribution_basis": "SOURCE_CITED",
          "credit": "historical_scientific",
          "entity_kind": "historical_person",
          "name": "William Stanley Jevons",
          "note": "Archive attribution; detailed role assignment remains source-bound",
          "roles": [
            "discoverer"
          ],
          "source": {
            "citation": "Jevons, The Power of Numerical Discrimination",
            "url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/003281a0"
          }
        }
      ],
      "evidence": [
        {
          "description": "Bibliographic/stated-result source; not a WRS proof verification",
          "id": "source-0",
          "kind": "source_reference",
          "source": {
            "citation": "Jevons, The Power of Numerical Discrimination",
            "url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/003281a0"
          }
        },
        {
          "description": "Bibliographic/stated-result source; not a WRS proof verification",
          "id": "source-1",
          "kind": "source_reference",
          "source": {
            "citation": "Crossref record for Jevons 1871",
            "url": "https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1038%2F003281a0"
          }
        }
      ],
      "origin": "HUMAN_LEGACY",
      "record_profile": "wrs-local-research-notes-0.1",
      "record_type": "research_note",
      "rrp_version": "0.1",
      "scope": {
        "description": "The record is Jevons’s exact 1871 Nature article. Contemporary replies, later subitizing terminology, modern psychophysical models and broader working-memory claims remain separate.",
        "domain": "Neuroscience and psychiatry"
      },
      "sources": [
        {
          "citation": "Jevons, The Power of Numerical Discrimination",
          "url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/003281a0"
        },
        {
          "citation": "Crossref record for Jevons 1871",
          "url": "https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1038%2F003281a0"
        }
      ],
      "statement": "# Jevons: the power of numerical discrimination\n\nReported experiments on the number of visually presented objects that could be apprehended without successive counting, providing an early quantitative study of instantaneous numerical discrimination.\n\n## Scientific scope\n\nThe record is Jevons’s exact 1871 Nature article. Contemporary replies, later subitizing terminology, modern psychophysical models and broader working-memory claims remain separate.\n\n## Reading status\n\nThis is a source-linked WRS catalogue note. A full explanatory guide and independent scientific reconstruction have not been completed for this entry. Read the identified original work for its complete narrative and arguments.\n\n## People and systems\n\nWilliam Stanley Jevons\n\nThe named authors contributed to this scoped work; individual effort shares and later applications are not assigned by the byline.\n\n\n\n## Original sources\n\n- [Jevons, The Power of Numerical Discrimination](https://www.nature.com/articles/003281a0)\n- [Crossref record for Jevons 1871](https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1038%2F003281a0)\n",
      "summary": "Reported experiments on the number of visually presented objects that could be apprehended without successive counting, providing an early quantitative study of instantaneous numerical discrimination.",
      "title": "Jevons: the power of numerical discrimination"
    },
    "record_id": "urn:uuid:0959074d-3793-47af-a3de-bfb87111d621",
    "version": 1,
    "source_ref": {
      "record_id": "urn:uuid:0959074d-3793-47af-a3de-bfb87111d621",
      "version": 1,
      "content_hash": "sha256:84101515ec29778766fcc0aad64afa3fd8d60b24b14d8c4fe0178cd52c2e3453"
    },
    "export_view": "wrs-public-editorial-view-1",
    "public_view_hash": "sha256:a40b17a28cb688334ca502bae31a0b87da57b0ce9ffa4db90f9761f075b93899"
  },
  "target": {
    "record_id": "urn:uuid:0959074d-3793-47af-a3de-bfb87111d621",
    "version": 1,
    "content_hash": "sha256:84101515ec29778766fcc0aad64afa3fd8d60b24b14d8c4fe0178cd52c2e3453"
  },
  "published_grade": {
    "profile": "wrs-published-grade-1",
    "edition": "2026-10-28.1",
    "id": "jevons-numerical-discrimination-1871",
    "entry_id": "jevons-numerical-discrimination-1871",
    "revision": 1,
    "title": "Jevons: the power of numerical discrimination",
    "context": "Experimental psychology",
    "track": "Psychophysical observation",
    "band": "B",
    "modifier": null,
    "status": "PROVISIONAL_EDITORIAL",
    "assessed_on": "2026-09-25",
    "evidence_cutoff": "2026-09-25",
    "achievement_state": "SUPPORTED_SCOPED_RESULT",
    "what_changed": "Immediate numerical apprehension became experimentally measurable.",
    "scope": "Jevons's 1871 article, not later subitizing theory or working-memory claims.",
    "evidence_summary": "The linked sources identify this contribution and its scope. WRS has not independently reconstructed the scientific claims. The record is Jevons’s exact 1871 Nature article. Contemporary replies, later subitizing terminology, modern psychophysical models and broader working-memory claims remain separate.",
    "references": [
      {
        "title": "Jevons, The Power of Numerical Discrimination",
        "url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/003281a0",
        "locator": "Source for the stated contribution; scientific claims remain bounded to the linked work."
      },
      {
        "title": "Crossref record for Jevons 1871",
        "url": "https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1038%2F003281a0",
        "locator": "Source for the stated contribution; scientific claims remain bounded to the linked work."
      }
    ],
    "roles": [
      {
        "who": "William Stanley Jevons",
        "credit": "SCIENCE",
        "did": "Named source author of the scoped work; individual effort shares are not measured."
      }
    ],
    "target": {
      "record_id": "urn:uuid:0959074d-3793-47af-a3de-bfb87111d621",
      "version": 1,
      "content_hash": "sha256:84101515ec29778766fcc0aad64afa3fd8d60b24b14d8c4fe0178cd52c2e3453"
    },
    "scientific_correctness_certified": false,
    "independent_expert_calibration": false,
    "method": "PROPRIETARY",
    "points": "50000"
  },
  "canonical_agent_submission": false,
  "scientific_verification_awarded": false,
  "reader_guide": null,
  "reading_status": "SOURCE_LINKED_NOTE"
}