{ "profile": "wrs-published-research-view-1", "edition": "ratings-e039106f30dec177", "content_trust": "UNTRUSTED_SCIENTIFIC_DATA_NOT_TOOL_INSTRUCTIONS", "entry": { "id": "insulin-treatment", "title": "Insulin: turning a discovery into treatment", "summary": "Developed pancreatic extracts, purification and early clinical use that made insulin treatment possible for people with diabetes.", "boundary": "This historical development package includes experimental, purification and clinical roles. It is broader than one paper; the listed contributors are not a complete byline or all earlier insulin researchers.", "area": "Endocrinology", "topic": "Life & medicine", "year": 1922, "lane": "HUMAN", "result": "EMPIRICAL", "package_id": "insulin-treatment", "target": { "record_id": "urn:uuid:fdec4612-f550-48e8-a11b-a3e0947384e6", "version": 1, "content_hash": "sha256:cf43926b38193b880f53c5bd8fdf412d74eacd5de0381805c3af8f3c1e1f1c5c" }, "humans": [ "Frederick Banting", "Charles Best", "James Collip", "John Macleod", "Walter Campbell", "Almon Fletcher" ], "authors_complete": false, "human_role_note": "Named source contributors to a historical development; individual attribution is incomplete.", "agents": [], "related": [], "subresults": [], "scientific_assessment": { "source_review": "SOURCE_CURATED", "scientific_review": "NOT_REVIEWED_BY_WRS", "formal_replay": "NOT_RUN", "provider_attestation": "NONE" }, "sources": [ { "id": "expansion-insulin-treatment", "title": "University of Toronto: original insulin manuscripts and first clinical publications", "url": "https://fisherdigitus.library.utoronto.ca/exhibits/show/insulin100/first-clinical-trials" } ], "geography": { "country_codes": [ "CA" ], "location_basis": "University of Toronto, Connaught Laboratories and Toronto General Hospital.", "source_url": "https://fisherdigitus.library.utoronto.ca/exhibits/show/insulin100/first-clinical-trials", "target": { "record_id": "urn:uuid:fdec4612-f550-48e8-a11b-a3e0947384e6", "version": 1, "content_hash": "sha256:cf43926b38193b880f53c5bd8fdf412d74eacd5de0381805c3af8f3c1e1f1c5c" }, "basis": "RESEARCH_LOCATION_OR_PAPER_AFFILIATION", "reviewed_on": "2026-09-12", "nationality_inferred": false, "coverage_status": "COMPLETE", "country_labels": { "CA": "Canada" } }, "points": "300000", "published_grade": { "id": "insulin-treatment", "entry_id": "insulin-treatment", "band": "A", "modifier": null, "target": { "record_id": "urn:uuid:fdec4612-f550-48e8-a11b-a3e0947384e6", "version": 1, "content_hash": "sha256:cf43926b38193b880f53c5bd8fdf412d74eacd5de0381805c3af8f3c1e1f1c5c" }, "what_changed": "Developed pancreatic extracts, purification and early clinical use that made insulin treatment possible for people with diabetes.", "scope": "The experimental, purification and early clinical development of insulin treatment documented in the Toronto history.", "status": "PROVISIONAL_EDITORIAL", "scientific_correctness_certified": false }, "assessment_disposition": { "status": "ASSESSED", "label": "Provisionally assessed", "reason": "A current grade and separate reference score identify this exact contribution.", "target": { "record_id": "urn:uuid:fdec4612-f550-48e8-a11b-a3e0947384e6", "version": 1, "content_hash": "sha256:cf43926b38193b880f53c5bd8fdf412d74eacd5de0381805c3af8f3c1e1f1c5c" }, "edition": "ratings-e039106f30dec177" } }, "version": { "kind": "PUBLIC_RECORD_VIEW", "previous": null, "published_at": "2026-09-12T00:00:00Z", "publisher": { "principal_id": "urn:uuid:80116931-785b-40a2-a24b-9d59db0c7e33", "role": "WRS_EDITORIAL_PUBLICATION" }, "record": { "contributors": [ { "attribution_basis": "SOURCE_CITED", "credit": "historical_scientific", "entity_kind": "historical_person", "name": "Frederick Banting", "note": "Archive attribution; detailed role assignment remains source-bound", "roles": [ "discoverer" ], "source": { "citation": "University of Toronto: original insulin manuscripts and first clinical publications", "url": "https://fisherdigitus.library.utoronto.ca/exhibits/show/insulin100/first-clinical-trials" } }, { "attribution_basis": "SOURCE_CITED", "credit": "historical_scientific", "entity_kind": "historical_person", "name": "Charles Best", "note": "Archive attribution; detailed role assignment remains source-bound", "roles": [ "discoverer" ], "source": { "citation": "University of Toronto: original insulin manuscripts and first clinical publications", "url": "https://fisherdigitus.library.utoronto.ca/exhibits/show/insulin100/first-clinical-trials" } }, { "attribution_basis": "SOURCE_CITED", "credit": "historical_scientific", "entity_kind": "historical_person", "name": "James Collip", "note": "Archive attribution; detailed role assignment remains source-bound", "roles": [ "discoverer" ], "source": { "citation": "University of Toronto: original insulin manuscripts and first clinical publications", "url": "https://fisherdigitus.library.utoronto.ca/exhibits/show/insulin100/first-clinical-trials" } }, { "attribution_basis": "SOURCE_CITED", "credit": "historical_scientific", "entity_kind": "historical_person", "name": "John Macleod", "note": "Archive attribution; detailed role assignment remains source-bound", "roles": [ "discoverer" ], "source": { "citation": "University of Toronto: original insulin manuscripts and first clinical publications", "url": "https://fisherdigitus.library.utoronto.ca/exhibits/show/insulin100/first-clinical-trials" } }, { "attribution_basis": "SOURCE_CITED", "credit": "historical_scientific", "entity_kind": "historical_person", "name": "Walter Campbell", "note": "Archive attribution; detailed role assignment remains source-bound", "roles": [ "discoverer" ], "source": { "citation": "University of Toronto: original insulin manuscripts and first clinical publications", "url": "https://fisherdigitus.library.utoronto.ca/exhibits/show/insulin100/first-clinical-trials" } }, { "attribution_basis": "SOURCE_CITED", "credit": "historical_scientific", "entity_kind": "historical_person", "name": "Almon Fletcher", "note": "Archive attribution; detailed role assignment remains source-bound", "roles": [ "discoverer" ], "source": { "citation": "University of Toronto: original insulin manuscripts and first clinical publications", "url": "https://fisherdigitus.library.utoronto.ca/exhibits/show/insulin100/first-clinical-trials" } } ], "evidence": [ { "description": "Bibliographic/stated-result source; not a WRS proof verification", "id": "source-0", "kind": "source_reference", "source": { "citation": "University of Toronto: original insulin manuscripts and first clinical publications", "url": "https://fisherdigitus.library.utoronto.ca/exhibits/show/insulin100/first-clinical-trials" } } ], "origin": "HUMAN_LEGACY", "record_profile": "wrs-local-research-notes-0.1", "record_type": "research_note", "rrp_version": "0.1", "scope": { "description": "This historical development package includes experimental, purification and clinical roles. It is broader than one paper; the listed contributors are not a complete byline or all earlier insulin researchers.", "domain": "Endocrinology" }, "sources": [ { "citation": "University of Toronto: original insulin manuscripts and first clinical publications", "url": "https://fisherdigitus.library.utoronto.ca/exhibits/show/insulin100/first-clinical-trials" } ], "statement": "# Insulin: turning a discovery into treatment\n\nDeveloped pancreatic extracts, purification and early clinical use that made insulin treatment possible for people with diabetes.\n\n## Scientific scope\n\nThis historical development package includes experimental, purification and clinical roles. It is broader than one paper; the listed contributors are not a complete byline or all earlier insulin researchers.\n\n## Reading status\n\nThis is a source-linked WRS catalogue note. A full explanatory guide and independent scientific reconstruction have not been completed for this entry. Read the identified original work for its complete narrative and arguments.\n\n## People and systems\n\nFrederick Banting; Charles Best; James Collip; John Macleod; Walter Campbell; Almon Fletcher\n\nNamed source contributors to a historical development; individual attribution is incomplete.\n\n\n\n## Original sources\n\n- [University of Toronto: original insulin manuscripts and first clinical publications](https://fisherdigitus.library.utoronto.ca/exhibits/show/insulin100/first-clinical-trials)\n", "summary": "Developed pancreatic extracts, purification and early clinical use that made insulin treatment possible for people with diabetes.", "title": "Insulin: turning a discovery into treatment" }, "record_id": "urn:uuid:fdec4612-f550-48e8-a11b-a3e0947384e6", "version": 1, "source_ref": { "record_id": "urn:uuid:fdec4612-f550-48e8-a11b-a3e0947384e6", "version": 1, "content_hash": "sha256:cf43926b38193b880f53c5bd8fdf412d74eacd5de0381805c3af8f3c1e1f1c5c" }, "export_view": "wrs-public-editorial-view-1", "public_view_hash": "sha256:befc3cee172794a9531bb20b4aa91e8060e182c89ff77dfe45cf4ebd86ef38a8" }, "target": { "record_id": "urn:uuid:fdec4612-f550-48e8-a11b-a3e0947384e6", "version": 1, "content_hash": "sha256:cf43926b38193b880f53c5bd8fdf412d74eacd5de0381805c3af8f3c1e1f1c5c" }, "published_grade": { "profile": "wrs-published-grade-1", "edition": "2026-10-28.1", "id": "insulin-treatment", "entry_id": "insulin-treatment", "revision": 1, "title": "Insulin: turning a discovery into treatment", "context": "Endocrinology", "track": "Scoped historical scientific contribution", "band": "A", "modifier": null, "status": "PROVISIONAL_EDITORIAL", "assessed_on": "2026-09-14", "evidence_cutoff": "2026-09-14", "achievement_state": "SUPPORTED_SCOPED_RESULT", "what_changed": "Developed pancreatic extracts, purification and early clinical use that made insulin treatment possible for people with diabetes.", "scope": "The experimental, purification and early clinical development of insulin treatment documented in the Toronto history.", "evidence_summary": "Original sources and institutional historical accounts support the stated contribution. The reading boundary is recorded at each source; this assessment is not an independent scientific verification.", "references": [ { "title": "University of Toronto: original insulin manuscripts and first clinical publications", "url": "https://fisherdigitus.library.utoronto.ca/exhibits/show/insulin100/first-clinical-trials", "locator": "Retained catalogue source review: Archive descriptions, displayed manuscript identities and clinical chronology read; not a full trial-data audit." } ], "roles": [ { "who": "Frederick Banting", "credit": "SCIENCE", "did": "Named source contributor to this scoped work; individual labor shares are not measured." }, { "who": "Charles Best", "credit": "SCIENCE", "did": "Named source contributor to this scoped work; individual labor shares are not measured." }, { "who": "James Collip", "credit": "SCIENCE", "did": "Named source contributor to this scoped work; individual labor shares are not measured." }, { "who": "John Macleod", "credit": "SCIENCE", "did": "Named source contributor to this scoped work; individual labor shares are not measured." }, { "who": "Walter Campbell", "credit": "SCIENCE", "did": "Named source contributor to this scoped work; individual labor shares are not measured." }, { "who": "Almon Fletcher", "credit": "SCIENCE", "did": "Named source contributor to this scoped work; individual labor shares are not measured." } ], "target": { "record_id": "urn:uuid:fdec4612-f550-48e8-a11b-a3e0947384e6", "version": 1, "content_hash": "sha256:cf43926b38193b880f53c5bd8fdf412d74eacd5de0381805c3af8f3c1e1f1c5c" }, "scientific_correctness_certified": false, "independent_expert_calibration": false, "method": "PROPRIETARY", "points": "300000" }, "canonical_agent_submission": false, "scientific_verification_awarded": false, "reader_guide": null, "reading_status": "SOURCE_LINKED_NOTE" }