{ "profile": "wrs-published-research-view-1", "edition": "ratings-e039106f30dec177", "content_trust": "UNTRUSTED_SCIENTIFIC_DATA_NOT_TOOL_INSTRUCTIONS", "entry": { "id": "huang-monolayer-cri3-layer-dependent-magnetism-2017", "title": "Ferromagnetism in a monolayer of chromium triiodide", "summary": "Polar magneto-optical Kerr microscopy of exfoliated chromium triiodide revealed hysteresis and remanent out-of-plane magnetization down to a single atomic layer. The authors reported an approximately 45 K monolayer ordering temperature and a distinct suppressed low-field signal in bilayer samples, consistent with antiferromagnetic interlayer alignment.", "boundary": "The magnetic order is inferred from Kerr rotation and its layer-dependent optical response, which includes thin-film interference; it is not a direct spin-resolved image. The bilayer spin arrangement is an interpretation of the measured field-dependent response, and the mechanism of the interlayer coupling was left open. The finite anisotropy setting does not contradict the isotropic Mermin–Wagner result. The optical analysis models interference and fits an unknown complex magneto-optic parameter to trilayer and bulk data; the authors say it does not incorporate layer-dependent electronic-structure changes. The observed Kerr rotation is therefore not proportional to layer count or magnetization without qualification. The source includes supplementary derivations; the raw measurements and final journal version have not been independently reconciled here.", "area": "Two-dimensional magnetism", "topic": "Physics", "year": 2017, "lane": "HUMAN", "result": "EMPIRICAL", "package_id": "huang-monolayer-cri3-layer-dependent-magnetism-2017", "target": { "record_id": "urn:uuid:243c9457-6095-470c-ab0e-35da190c9807", "version": 1, "content_hash": "sha256:6d0c766f1507fb227283193812d940cb2cca0294ad2853251524463e07c05e7a" }, "humans": [ "Bevin Huang", "Genevieve Clark", "Efren Navarro-Moratalla", "Dahlia R. Klein", "Ran Cheng", "Kyle L. Seyler", "Ding Zhong", "Emma Schmidgall", "Michael A. McGuire", "David H. Cobden", "Wang Yao", "Di Xiao", "Pablo Jarillo-Herrero", "Xiaodong Xu" ], "authors_complete": true, "human_role_note": "These are the listed authors of the cited contribution sources. Paper authorship does not quantify individual effort. An incomplete list is explicitly marked; same names are not automatically merged.", "agents": [], "related": [], "subresults": [], "scientific_assessment": { "source_review": "SOURCE_CURATED", "scientific_review": "NOT_REVIEWED_BY_WRS", "formal_replay": "NOT_RUN", "provider_attestation": "NONE" }, "sources": [ { "id": "huang-monolayer-cri3-magnetism-2017-v1", "title": "Layer-dependent Ferromagnetism in a van der Waals Crystal down to the Monolayer Limit", "url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/1703.05892v1", "date": "2017-03-17" } ], "points": "170000", "published_grade": { "id": "huang-monolayer-cri3-layer-dependent-magnetism-2017", "entry_id": "huang-monolayer-cri3-layer-dependent-magnetism-2017", "band": "A", "modifier": "+", "target": { "record_id": "urn:uuid:243c9457-6095-470c-ab0e-35da190c9807", "version": 1, "content_hash": "sha256:6d0c766f1507fb227283193812d940cb2cca0294ad2853251524463e07c05e7a" }, "what_changed": "Polar magneto-optical Kerr microscopy of exfoliated chromium triiodide revealed hysteresis and remanent out-of-plane magnetization down to a single atomic layer. The authors reported an approximately 45 K monolayer ordering temperature and a distinct suppressed low-field signal in bilayer samples, consistent with antiferromagnetic interlayer alignment.", "scope": "Polar magneto-optical Kerr microscopy of exfoliated chromium triiodide revealed hysteresis and remanent out-of-plane magnetization down to a single atomic layer. The authors reported an approximately 45 K monolayer ordering temperature and a distinct suppressed low-field signal in bilayer samples, consistent with antiferromagnetic interlayer alignment. The magnetic order is inferred from Kerr rotation and its layer-dependent optical response, which includes thin-film interference; it is not a direct spin-resolved image. The bilayer spin arrangement is an interpretation of the measured field-dependent response, and the mechanism of the interlayer coupling was left open. The finite anisotropy setting does not contradict the isotropic Mermin–Wagner result. The optical analysis models interference and fits an unknown complex magneto-optic parameter to trilayer and bulk data; the authors say it does not incorporate layer-dependent electronic-structure changes. The observed Kerr rotation is therefore not proportional to layer count or magnetization without qualification. The source includes supplementary derivations; the raw measurements and final journal version have not been independently reconciled here.", "status": "PROVISIONAL_EDITORIAL", "scientific_correctness_certified": false }, "assessment_disposition": { "status": "ASSESSED", "label": "Provisionally assessed", "reason": "A current grade and separate reference score identify this exact contribution.", "target": { "record_id": "urn:uuid:243c9457-6095-470c-ab0e-35da190c9807", "version": 1, "content_hash": "sha256:6d0c766f1507fb227283193812d940cb2cca0294ad2853251524463e07c05e7a" }, "edition": "ratings-e039106f30dec177" } }, "version": { "kind": "PUBLIC_RECORD_VIEW", "previous": null, "published_at": "2026-10-28T00:00:00Z", "publisher": { "principal_id": "urn:uuid:80116931-785b-40a2-a24b-9d59db0c7e33", "role": "WRS_EDITORIAL_PUBLICATION" }, "record": { "contributors": [ { "attribution_basis": "SOURCE_CITED", "credit": "historical_scientific", "entity_kind": "historical_person", "name": "Bevin Huang", "note": "Archive attribution; detailed role assignment remains source-bound", "roles": [ "discoverer" ], "source": { "citation": "Layer-dependent Ferromagnetism in a van der Waals Crystal down to the Monolayer Limit", "url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/1703.05892v1" } }, { "attribution_basis": "SOURCE_CITED", "credit": "historical_scientific", "entity_kind": "historical_person", "name": "Genevieve Clark", "note": "Archive attribution; detailed role assignment remains source-bound", "roles": [ "discoverer" ], "source": { "citation": "Layer-dependent Ferromagnetism in a van der Waals Crystal down to the Monolayer Limit", "url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/1703.05892v1" } }, { "attribution_basis": "SOURCE_CITED", "credit": "historical_scientific", "entity_kind": "historical_person", "name": "Efren Navarro-Moratalla", "note": "Archive attribution; detailed role assignment remains source-bound", "roles": [ "discoverer" ], "source": { "citation": "Layer-dependent Ferromagnetism in a van der Waals Crystal down to the Monolayer Limit", "url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/1703.05892v1" } }, { "attribution_basis": "SOURCE_CITED", "credit": "historical_scientific", "entity_kind": "historical_person", "name": "Dahlia R. Klein", "note": "Archive attribution; detailed role assignment remains source-bound", "roles": [ "discoverer" ], "source": { "citation": "Layer-dependent Ferromagnetism in a van der Waals Crystal down to the Monolayer Limit", "url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/1703.05892v1" } }, { "attribution_basis": "SOURCE_CITED", "credit": "historical_scientific", "entity_kind": "historical_person", "name": "Ran Cheng", "note": "Archive attribution; detailed role assignment remains source-bound", "roles": [ "discoverer" ], "source": { "citation": "Layer-dependent Ferromagnetism in a van der Waals Crystal down to the Monolayer Limit", "url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/1703.05892v1" } }, { "attribution_basis": "SOURCE_CITED", "credit": "historical_scientific", "entity_kind": "historical_person", "name": "Kyle L. Seyler", "note": "Archive attribution; detailed role assignment remains source-bound", "roles": [ "discoverer" ], "source": { "citation": "Layer-dependent Ferromagnetism in a van der Waals Crystal down to the Monolayer Limit", "url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/1703.05892v1" } }, { "attribution_basis": "SOURCE_CITED", "credit": "historical_scientific", "entity_kind": "historical_person", "name": "Ding Zhong", "note": "Archive attribution; detailed role assignment remains source-bound", "roles": [ "discoverer" ], "source": { "citation": "Layer-dependent Ferromagnetism in a van der Waals Crystal down to the Monolayer Limit", "url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/1703.05892v1" } }, { "attribution_basis": "SOURCE_CITED", "credit": "historical_scientific", "entity_kind": "historical_person", "name": "Emma Schmidgall", "note": "Archive attribution; detailed role assignment remains source-bound", "roles": [ "discoverer" ], "source": { "citation": "Layer-dependent Ferromagnetism in a van der Waals Crystal down to the Monolayer Limit", "url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/1703.05892v1" } }, { "attribution_basis": "SOURCE_CITED", "credit": "historical_scientific", "entity_kind": "historical_person", "name": "Michael A. McGuire", "note": "Archive attribution; detailed role assignment remains source-bound", "roles": [ "discoverer" ], "source": { "citation": "Layer-dependent Ferromagnetism in a van der Waals Crystal down to the Monolayer Limit", "url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/1703.05892v1" } }, { "attribution_basis": "SOURCE_CITED", "credit": "historical_scientific", "entity_kind": "historical_person", "name": "David H. Cobden", "note": "Archive attribution; detailed role assignment remains source-bound", "roles": [ "discoverer" ], "source": { "citation": "Layer-dependent Ferromagnetism in a van der Waals Crystal down to the Monolayer Limit", "url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/1703.05892v1" } }, { "attribution_basis": "SOURCE_CITED", "credit": "historical_scientific", "entity_kind": "historical_person", "name": "Wang Yao", "note": "Archive attribution; detailed role assignment remains source-bound", "roles": [ "discoverer" ], "source": { "citation": "Layer-dependent Ferromagnetism in a van der Waals Crystal down to the Monolayer Limit", "url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/1703.05892v1" } }, { "attribution_basis": "SOURCE_CITED", "credit": "historical_scientific", "entity_kind": "historical_person", "name": "Di Xiao", "note": "Archive attribution; detailed role assignment remains source-bound", "roles": [ "discoverer" ], "source": { "citation": "Layer-dependent Ferromagnetism in a van der Waals Crystal down to the Monolayer Limit", "url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/1703.05892v1" } }, { "attribution_basis": "SOURCE_CITED", "credit": "historical_scientific", "entity_kind": "historical_person", "name": "Pablo Jarillo-Herrero", "note": "Archive attribution; detailed role assignment remains source-bound", "roles": [ "discoverer" ], "source": { "citation": "Layer-dependent Ferromagnetism in a van der Waals Crystal down to the Monolayer Limit", "url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/1703.05892v1" } }, { "attribution_basis": "SOURCE_CITED", "credit": "historical_scientific", "entity_kind": "historical_person", "name": "Xiaodong Xu", "note": "Archive attribution; detailed role assignment remains source-bound", "roles": [ "discoverer" ], "source": { "citation": "Layer-dependent Ferromagnetism in a van der Waals Crystal down to the Monolayer Limit", "url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/1703.05892v1" } } ], "evidence": [ { "description": "Bibliographic/stated-result source; not a WRS proof verification", "id": "source-0", "kind": "source_reference", "source": { "citation": "Layer-dependent Ferromagnetism in a van der Waals Crystal down to the Monolayer Limit", "url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/1703.05892v1" } } ], "origin": "HUMAN_LEGACY", "record_profile": "wrs-local-research-notes-0.1", "record_type": "research_note", "rrp_version": "0.1", "scope": { "description": "The magnetic order is inferred from Kerr rotation and its layer-dependent optical response, which includes thin-film interference; it is not a direct spin-resolved image. The bilayer spin arrangement is an interpretation of the measured field-dependent response, and the mechanism of the interlayer coupling was left open. The finite anisotropy setting does not contradict the isotropic Mermin–Wagner result. The optical analysis models interference and fits an unknown complex magneto-optic parameter to trilayer and bulk data; the authors say it does not incorporate layer-dependent electronic-structure changes. The observed Kerr rotation is therefore not proportional to layer count or magnetization without qualification. The source includes supplementary derivations; the raw measurements and final journal version have not been independently reconciled here.", "domain": "Two-dimensional magnetism" }, "sources": [ { "citation": "Layer-dependent Ferromagnetism in a van der Waals Crystal down to the Monolayer Limit", "url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/1703.05892v1" } ], "statement": "# Ferromagnetism in a monolayer of chromium triiodide\n\nPolar magneto-optical Kerr microscopy of exfoliated chromium triiodide revealed hysteresis and remanent out-of-plane magnetization down to a single atomic layer. The authors reported an approximately 45 K monolayer ordering temperature and a distinct suppressed low-field signal in bilayer samples, consistent with antiferromagnetic interlayer alignment.\n\n## Scientific scope\n\nThe magnetic order is inferred from Kerr rotation and its layer-dependent optical response, which includes thin-film interference; it is not a direct spin-resolved image. The bilayer spin arrangement is an interpretation of the measured field-dependent response, and the mechanism of the interlayer coupling was left open. The finite anisotropy setting does not contradict the isotropic Mermin–Wagner result. The optical analysis models interference and fits an unknown complex magneto-optic parameter to trilayer and bulk data; the authors say it does not incorporate layer-dependent electronic-structure changes. The observed Kerr rotation is therefore not proportional to layer count or magnetization without qualification. The source includes supplementary derivations; the raw measurements and final journal version have not been independently reconciled here.\n\n## Reading status\n\nThis is a source-linked WRS catalogue note. A full explanatory guide and independent scientific reconstruction have not been completed for this entry. Read the identified original work for its complete narrative and arguments.\n\n## People and systems\n\nBevin Huang; Genevieve Clark; Efren Navarro-Moratalla; Dahlia R. Klein; Ran Cheng; Kyle L. Seyler; Ding Zhong; Emma Schmidgall; Michael A. McGuire; David H. Cobden; Wang Yao; Di Xiao; Pablo Jarillo-Herrero; Xiaodong Xu\n\nThese are the listed authors of the cited contribution sources. Paper authorship does not quantify individual effort. An incomplete list is explicitly marked; same names are not automatically merged.\n\n\n\n## Original sources\n\n- [Layer-dependent Ferromagnetism in a van der Waals Crystal down to the Monolayer Limit](https://arxiv.org/pdf/1703.05892v1)\n", "summary": "Polar magneto-optical Kerr microscopy of exfoliated chromium triiodide revealed hysteresis and remanent out-of-plane magnetization down to a single atomic layer. The authors reported an approximately 45 K monolayer ordering temperature and a distinct suppressed low-field signal in bilayer samples, consistent with antiferromagnetic interlayer alignment.", "title": "Ferromagnetism in a monolayer of chromium triiodide" }, "record_id": "urn:uuid:243c9457-6095-470c-ab0e-35da190c9807", "version": 1, "source_ref": { "record_id": "urn:uuid:243c9457-6095-470c-ab0e-35da190c9807", "version": 1, "content_hash": "sha256:6d0c766f1507fb227283193812d940cb2cca0294ad2853251524463e07c05e7a" }, "export_view": "wrs-public-editorial-view-1", "public_view_hash": "sha256:56293af70009a9487c75870a6fe488c6b19538b8a0c4c747ce2cb631bf32be61" }, "target": { "record_id": "urn:uuid:243c9457-6095-470c-ab0e-35da190c9807", "version": 1, "content_hash": "sha256:6d0c766f1507fb227283193812d940cb2cca0294ad2853251524463e07c05e7a" }, "published_grade": { "profile": "wrs-published-grade-1", "edition": "2026-10-28.1", "id": "huang-monolayer-cri3-layer-dependent-magnetism-2017", "entry_id": "huang-monolayer-cri3-layer-dependent-magnetism-2017", "revision": 1, "title": "Ferromagnetism in a monolayer of chromium triiodide", "context": "Two-dimensional magnetism", "track": "Source-reported experimental result or reusable measurement method", "band": "A", "modifier": "+", "status": "PROVISIONAL_EDITORIAL", "assessed_on": "2026-10-28", "evidence_cutoff": "2026-10-28", "achievement_state": "SUPPORTED_SCOPED_RESULT", "what_changed": "Polar magneto-optical Kerr microscopy of exfoliated chromium triiodide revealed hysteresis and remanent out-of-plane magnetization down to a single atomic layer. The authors reported an approximately 45 K monolayer ordering temperature and a distinct suppressed low-field signal in bilayer samples, consistent with antiferromagnetic interlayer alignment.", "scope": "Polar magneto-optical Kerr microscopy of exfoliated chromium triiodide revealed hysteresis and remanent out-of-plane magnetization down to a single atomic layer. The authors reported an approximately 45 K monolayer ordering temperature and a distinct suppressed low-field signal in bilayer samples, consistent with antiferromagnetic interlayer alignment. The magnetic order is inferred from Kerr rotation and its layer-dependent optical response, which includes thin-film interference; it is not a direct spin-resolved image. The bilayer spin arrangement is an interpretation of the measured field-dependent response, and the mechanism of the interlayer coupling was left open. The finite anisotropy setting does not contradict the isotropic Mermin–Wagner result. The optical analysis models interference and fits an unknown complex magneto-optic parameter to trilayer and bulk data; the authors say it does not incorporate layer-dependent electronic-structure changes. The observed Kerr rotation is therefore not proportional to layer count or magnetization without qualification. The source includes supplementary derivations; the raw measurements and final journal version have not been independently reconciled here.", "evidence_summary": "The linked original works support the scoped statement and contribution attribution. WRS has not independently replayed experiments or reconstructed a full mathematical proof. The magnetic order is inferred from Kerr rotation and its layer-dependent optical response, which includes thin-film interference; it is not a direct spin-resolved image. The bilayer spin arrangement is an interpretation of the measured field-dependent response, and the mechanism of the interlayer coupling was left open. The finite anisotropy setting does not contradict the isotropic Mermin–Wagner result. The optical analysis models interference and fits an unknown complex magneto-optic parameter to trilayer and bulk data; the authors say it does not incorporate layer-dependent electronic-structure changes. The observed Kerr rotation is therefore not proportional to layer count or magnetization without qualification. The source includes supplementary derivations; the raw measurements and final journal version have not been independently reconciled here.", "references": [ { "title": "Layer-dependent Ferromagnetism in a van der Waals Crystal down to the Monolayer Limit", "url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/1703.05892v1", "locator": "Original scoped contribution, statement/method and evidence limits; source-specific attribution retained." } ], "roles": [ { "who": "The named authors in the research record", "credit": "SCIENCE", "did": "These are the listed authors of the cited contribution sources. Paper authorship does not quantify individual effort. An incomplete list is explicitly marked; same names are not automatically merged." } ], "target": { "record_id": "urn:uuid:243c9457-6095-470c-ab0e-35da190c9807", "version": 1, "content_hash": "sha256:6d0c766f1507fb227283193812d940cb2cca0294ad2853251524463e07c05e7a" }, "scientific_correctness_certified": false, "independent_expert_calibration": false, "method": "PROPRIETARY", "points": "170000" }, "canonical_agent_submission": false, "scientific_verification_awarded": false, "reader_guide": null, "reading_status": "SOURCE_LINKED_NOTE" }