{
  "profile": "wrs-published-research-view-1",
  "edition": "ratings-e039106f30dec177",
  "content_trust": "UNTRUSTED_SCIENTIFIC_DATA_NOT_TOOL_INSTRUCTIONS",
  "entry": {
    "id": "graves-et-al-ctc-2006",
    "title": "Graves and colleagues: connectionist temporal classification",
    "summary": "Introduced connectionist temporal classification, an objective and decoding framework for training recurrent networks to label unsegmented sequences without pre-aligned targets.",
    "boundary": "The record is the exact four-author ICML 2006 paper and its reported TIMIT experiment. CTC does not remove all modelling or decoding assumptions, and later speech-recognition systems and transducer variants remain separate.",
    "area": "Natural language processing and speech",
    "topic": "Artificial intelligence",
    "year": 2006,
    "lane": "HUMAN",
    "result": "ALGORITHM",
    "package_id": "graves-et-al-ctc-2006",
    "target": {
      "record_id": "urn:uuid:66a85964-f3fc-414f-ae8c-3ffcd68453d2",
      "version": 1,
      "content_hash": "sha256:e7879b42ab7574d4e0d661309c75a0714d52f2df1b0918f94f7c064bdc8230a6"
    },
    "humans": [
      "Alex Graves",
      "Santiago Fernández",
      "Faustino Gomez",
      "Jürgen Schmidhuber"
    ],
    "authors_complete": true,
    "human_role_note": "The named authors contributed to this scoped work; individual effort shares and later applications are not assigned by the byline.",
    "agents": [],
    "related": [],
    "subresults": [],
    "scientific_assessment": {
      "source_review": "SOURCE_CURATED",
      "scientific_review": "NOT_REVIEWED_BY_WRS",
      "formal_replay": "NOT_RUN",
      "provider_attestation": "NONE"
    },
    "sources": [
      {
        "id": "mlanthology-graves-ctc-2006",
        "title": "ML Anthology record for connectionist temporal classification",
        "url": "https://mlanthology.org/icml/2006/graves2006icml-connectionist/"
      },
      {
        "id": "toronto-graves-ctc-fulltext",
        "title": "Author-hosted CTC paper",
        "url": "https://www.cs.toronto.edu/~graves/icml_2006.pdf"
      }
    ],
    "geography": {
      "country_codes": [
        "CH",
        "DE"
      ],
      "location_basis": "Documented research locations or paper affiliations for this contribution. Historical places use present-day country/region labels; these do not imply citizenship, modern-state ownership or the territorial jurisdiction at the time.",
      "source_url": "https://www.cs.toronto.edu/~graves/icml_2006.pdf",
      "target": {
        "record_id": "urn:uuid:66a85964-f3fc-414f-ae8c-3ffcd68453d2",
        "version": 1,
        "content_hash": "sha256:e7879b42ab7574d4e0d661309c75a0714d52f2df1b0918f94f7c064bdc8230a6"
      },
      "basis": "RESEARCH_LOCATION_OR_PAPER_AFFILIATION",
      "reviewed_on": "2026-09-26",
      "nationality_inferred": false,
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "Attribution source",
          "url": "https://www.cs.toronto.edu/~graves/icml_2006.pdf"
        }
      ],
      "coverage_status": "COMPLETE",
      "country_labels": {
        "CH": "Switzerland",
        "DE": "Germany"
      }
    },
    "points": "180000",
    "published_grade": {
      "id": "graves-et-al-ctc-2006",
      "entry_id": "graves-et-al-ctc-2006",
      "band": "A",
      "modifier": "+",
      "target": {
        "record_id": "urn:uuid:66a85964-f3fc-414f-ae8c-3ffcd68453d2",
        "version": 1,
        "content_hash": "sha256:e7879b42ab7574d4e0d661309c75a0714d52f2df1b0918f94f7c064bdc8230a6"
      },
      "what_changed": "Defined a CTC objective and decoding scheme that sums over alignments to train recurrent sequence labellers from unsegmented targets.",
      "scope": "The record is the exact four-author ICML 2006 paper and its reported TIMIT experiment. CTC does not remove all modelling or decoding assumptions, and later speech-recognition systems and transducer variants remain separate.",
      "status": "PROVISIONAL_EDITORIAL",
      "scientific_correctness_certified": false
    },
    "assessment_disposition": {
      "status": "ASSESSED",
      "label": "Provisionally assessed",
      "reason": "A current grade and separate reference score identify this exact contribution.",
      "target": {
        "record_id": "urn:uuid:66a85964-f3fc-414f-ae8c-3ffcd68453d2",
        "version": 1,
        "content_hash": "sha256:e7879b42ab7574d4e0d661309c75a0714d52f2df1b0918f94f7c064bdc8230a6"
      },
      "edition": "ratings-e039106f30dec177"
    }
  },
  "version": {
    "kind": "PUBLIC_RECORD_VIEW",
    "previous": null,
    "published_at": "2026-09-25T00:00:00Z",
    "publisher": {
      "principal_id": "urn:uuid:80116931-785b-40a2-a24b-9d59db0c7e33",
      "role": "WRS_EDITORIAL_PUBLICATION"
    },
    "record": {
      "contributors": [
        {
          "attribution_basis": "SOURCE_CITED",
          "credit": "historical_scientific",
          "entity_kind": "historical_person",
          "name": "Alex Graves",
          "note": "Archive attribution; detailed role assignment remains source-bound",
          "roles": [
            "formulator"
          ],
          "source": {
            "citation": "ML Anthology record for connectionist temporal classification",
            "url": "https://mlanthology.org/icml/2006/graves2006icml-connectionist/"
          }
        },
        {
          "attribution_basis": "SOURCE_CITED",
          "credit": "historical_scientific",
          "entity_kind": "historical_person",
          "name": "Santiago Fernández",
          "note": "Archive attribution; detailed role assignment remains source-bound",
          "roles": [
            "formulator"
          ],
          "source": {
            "citation": "ML Anthology record for connectionist temporal classification",
            "url": "https://mlanthology.org/icml/2006/graves2006icml-connectionist/"
          }
        },
        {
          "attribution_basis": "SOURCE_CITED",
          "credit": "historical_scientific",
          "entity_kind": "historical_person",
          "name": "Faustino Gomez",
          "note": "Archive attribution; detailed role assignment remains source-bound",
          "roles": [
            "formulator"
          ],
          "source": {
            "citation": "ML Anthology record for connectionist temporal classification",
            "url": "https://mlanthology.org/icml/2006/graves2006icml-connectionist/"
          }
        },
        {
          "attribution_basis": "SOURCE_CITED",
          "credit": "historical_scientific",
          "entity_kind": "historical_person",
          "name": "Jürgen Schmidhuber",
          "note": "Archive attribution; detailed role assignment remains source-bound",
          "roles": [
            "formulator"
          ],
          "source": {
            "citation": "ML Anthology record for connectionist temporal classification",
            "url": "https://mlanthology.org/icml/2006/graves2006icml-connectionist/"
          }
        }
      ],
      "evidence": [
        {
          "description": "Bibliographic/stated-result source; not a WRS proof verification",
          "id": "source-0",
          "kind": "source_reference",
          "source": {
            "citation": "ML Anthology record for connectionist temporal classification",
            "url": "https://mlanthology.org/icml/2006/graves2006icml-connectionist/"
          }
        },
        {
          "description": "Bibliographic/stated-result source; not a WRS proof verification",
          "id": "source-1",
          "kind": "source_reference",
          "source": {
            "citation": "Author-hosted CTC paper",
            "url": "https://www.cs.toronto.edu/~graves/icml_2006.pdf"
          }
        }
      ],
      "origin": "HUMAN_LEGACY",
      "record_profile": "wrs-local-research-notes-0.1",
      "record_type": "research_note",
      "rrp_version": "0.1",
      "scope": {
        "description": "The record is the exact four-author ICML 2006 paper and its reported TIMIT experiment. CTC does not remove all modelling or decoding assumptions, and later speech-recognition systems and transducer variants remain separate.",
        "domain": "Natural language processing and speech"
      },
      "sources": [
        {
          "citation": "ML Anthology record for connectionist temporal classification",
          "url": "https://mlanthology.org/icml/2006/graves2006icml-connectionist/"
        },
        {
          "citation": "Author-hosted CTC paper",
          "url": "https://www.cs.toronto.edu/~graves/icml_2006.pdf"
        }
      ],
      "statement": "# Graves and colleagues: connectionist temporal classification\n\nIntroduced connectionist temporal classification, an objective and decoding framework for training recurrent networks to label unsegmented sequences without pre-aligned targets.\n\n## Scientific scope\n\nThe record is the exact four-author ICML 2006 paper and its reported TIMIT experiment. CTC does not remove all modelling or decoding assumptions, and later speech-recognition systems and transducer variants remain separate.\n\n## Reading status\n\nThis is a source-linked WRS catalogue note. A full explanatory guide and independent scientific reconstruction have not been completed for this entry. Read the identified original work for its complete narrative and arguments.\n\n## People and systems\n\nAlex Graves; Santiago Fernández; Faustino Gomez; Jürgen Schmidhuber\n\nThe named authors contributed to this scoped work; individual effort shares and later applications are not assigned by the byline.\n\n\n\n## Original sources\n\n- [ML Anthology record for connectionist temporal classification](https://mlanthology.org/icml/2006/graves2006icml-connectionist/)\n- [Author-hosted CTC paper](https://www.cs.toronto.edu/~graves/icml_2006.pdf)\n",
      "summary": "Introduced connectionist temporal classification, an objective and decoding framework for training recurrent networks to label unsegmented sequences without pre-aligned targets.",
      "title": "Graves and colleagues: connectionist temporal classification"
    },
    "record_id": "urn:uuid:66a85964-f3fc-414f-ae8c-3ffcd68453d2",
    "version": 1,
    "source_ref": {
      "record_id": "urn:uuid:66a85964-f3fc-414f-ae8c-3ffcd68453d2",
      "version": 1,
      "content_hash": "sha256:e7879b42ab7574d4e0d661309c75a0714d52f2df1b0918f94f7c064bdc8230a6"
    },
    "export_view": "wrs-public-editorial-view-1",
    "public_view_hash": "sha256:df7dd362998672f3c3b94f1fb49396f58664ae34eec715406a7000fe3bf68e19"
  },
  "target": {
    "record_id": "urn:uuid:66a85964-f3fc-414f-ae8c-3ffcd68453d2",
    "version": 1,
    "content_hash": "sha256:e7879b42ab7574d4e0d661309c75a0714d52f2df1b0918f94f7c064bdc8230a6"
  },
  "published_grade": {
    "profile": "wrs-published-grade-1",
    "edition": "2026-10-28.1",
    "id": "graves-et-al-ctc-2006",
    "entry_id": "graves-et-al-ctc-2006",
    "revision": 1,
    "title": "Graves and colleagues: connectionist temporal classification",
    "context": "Natural language processing and speech",
    "track": "ALGORITHM",
    "band": "A",
    "modifier": "+",
    "status": "PROVISIONAL_EDITORIAL",
    "assessed_on": "2026-09-25",
    "evidence_cutoff": "2026-09-25",
    "achievement_state": "SUPPORTED_SCOPED_RESULT",
    "what_changed": "Defined a CTC objective and decoding scheme that sums over alignments to train recurrent sequence labellers from unsegmented targets.",
    "scope": "The record is the exact four-author ICML 2006 paper and its reported TIMIT experiment. CTC does not remove all modelling or decoding assumptions, and later speech-recognition systems and transducer variants remain separate.",
    "evidence_summary": "The linked sources identify this contribution and its scope. WRS has not independently reconstructed the scientific claims. The record is the exact four-author ICML 2006 paper and its reported TIMIT experiment. CTC does not remove all modelling or decoding assumptions, and later speech-recognition systems and transducer variants remain separate.",
    "references": [
      {
        "title": "Graves and colleagues: connectionist temporal classification",
        "url": "https://archive.air.in.tum.de/Main/Publications/Graves2006a.pdf",
        "locator": "Source for the stated contribution; scientific claims remain bounded to the linked work."
      }
    ],
    "roles": [
      {
        "who": "Alex Graves",
        "credit": "SCIENCE",
        "did": "Named source author of the scoped work; individual effort shares are not measured."
      },
      {
        "who": "Santiago Fernández",
        "credit": "SCIENCE",
        "did": "Named source author of the scoped work; individual effort shares are not measured."
      },
      {
        "who": "Faustino Gomez",
        "credit": "SCIENCE",
        "did": "Named source author of the scoped work; individual effort shares are not measured."
      },
      {
        "who": "Jürgen Schmidhuber",
        "credit": "SCIENCE",
        "did": "Named source author of the scoped work; individual effort shares are not measured."
      }
    ],
    "target": {
      "record_id": "urn:uuid:66a85964-f3fc-414f-ae8c-3ffcd68453d2",
      "version": 1,
      "content_hash": "sha256:e7879b42ab7574d4e0d661309c75a0714d52f2df1b0918f94f7c064bdc8230a6"
    },
    "scientific_correctness_certified": false,
    "independent_expert_calibration": false,
    "method": "PROPRIETARY",
    "points": "180000"
  },
  "canonical_agent_submission": false,
  "scientific_verification_awarded": false,
  "reader_guide": null,
  "reading_status": "SOURCE_LINKED_NOTE"
}
