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Observational tests, the cosmological constant and subsequent solutions are recorded separately.", "domain": "相对论" }, "sources": [ { "citation": "Einstein, Die Feldgleichungen der Gravitation, 25 Nov 1915", "url": "https://cds.cern.ch/record/632320" } ], "statement": "# Einstein: the gravitational field equations\n\n## The question\n\nHow should gravity fit into a description of space and time? A force acting across a fixed background is one possible picture. Einstein's gravitational field equations instead relate the geometry of spacetime to matter and energy. This entry concerns the 1915 equations. It is separate from the 1905 special-relativity paper, and from later solutions, observations and discoveries by other researchers.\n\n## The idea\n\nGeometry becomes part of the physical problem. The equations constrain how spacetime can curve in response to its contents; finding a particular situation then requires additional assumptions and appropriate boundary or initial information. The framework is not a single precomputed answer for every star or universe. Its power lies in providing a common mathematical relationship from which different physical models can be constructed and confronted with observations.\n\n## Why it matters\n\nThe recorded contribution changes the language used to formulate gravitation. It opens questions about geometry, motion and matter that cannot be captured by merely adding another force term to a simple classroom diagram. WRS's S grade refers to this field-equation contribution. The reference score is an editorial estimate of historical significance, not a probability that every interpretation of general relativity is correct, and not a score supplied by the original author.\n\n## A teaching example\n\nImagine giving two travelers a map whose distances depend on where they are, rather than a flat grid with identical spacing everywhere. Their shortest routes can look bent when drawn on an ordinary page. This helps separate a path drawn in coordinates from the geometry used to measure it. Spacetime is not a rubber sheet or just a road map: time, physical measurements and dynamical equations matter too. The analogy gives you a question to ask about a model, not a substitute for deriving an orbit or a light path.\n\n## Scope and a useful next step\n\nA classical gravitational theory does not automatically solve quantum gravity or settle every cosmological model. The source record identifies the 1915 paper; the accessible archive may impose browser checks. A small source-based task is to distinguish the field equations themselves from a later solution and from an observation used to test that solution. Record all three sources separately, and state the conditions under which the claimed comparison applies.\n\n## Scientific scope\n\nThis is a foundational theoretical paper. Observational tests, the cosmological constant and subsequent solutions are recorded separately.\n\n## Sources for this explanation\n\n- [Einstein, Die Feldgleichungen der Gravitation, 25 Nov 1915](https://cds.cern.ch/record/632320): Identified original contribution source. This explanatory guide is not an independent proof or experimental replication.\n", "summary": "Describes gravity through the relation between spacetime geometry and matter.", "title": "Einstein: the gravitational field equations" }, "record_id": "urn:uuid:e5f00e87-cfb5-4330-aa29-8e644f2807ab", "version": 1, "source_ref": { "record_id": "urn:uuid:e5f00e87-cfb5-4330-aa29-8e644f2807ab", "version": 1, "content_hash": "sha256:5aebc07f339a5b668d46d99a52be35680799dc59891942fa4b3300c6d004345e" }, "export_view": "wrs-public-editorial-view-1", "public_view_hash": "sha256:9cb734f709499ce312667ff39a9949a49c4adebb075416c6c0283923767c97e0" }, "target": { "record_id": "urn:uuid:e5f00e87-cfb5-4330-aa29-8e644f2807ab", "version": 1, "content_hash": "sha256:5aebc07f339a5b668d46d99a52be35680799dc59891942fa4b3300c6d004345e" }, "published_grade": { "profile": "wrs-published-grade-1", "edition": "2026-10-28.1", "id": "einstein", "entry_id": "einstein", "revision": 1, "title": "Einstein: the gravitational field equations", "context": "Relativity", "track": "Scoped historical scientific contribution", "band": "S", "modifier": null, "status": "PROVISIONAL_EDITORIAL", "assessed_on": "2026-09-14", "evidence_cutoff": "2026-09-14", "achievement_state": "SUPPORTED_SCOPED_RESULT", "what_changed": "Describes gravity through the relation between spacetime geometry and matter.", "scope": "The 1915 gravitational field equations, as a geometrical account of gravitation.", "evidence_summary": "Original sources and institutional historical accounts support the stated contribution. The reading boundary is recorded at each source; this assessment is not an independent scientific verification.", "references": [ { "title": "Einstein, Die Feldgleichungen der Gravitation, 25 Nov 1915", "url": "https://cds.cern.ch/record/632320", "locator": "Retained catalogue source review: Bibliography and stated result; no full proof audit" } ], "roles": [ { "who": "Albert Einstein", "credit": "SCIENCE", "did": "Named source contributor to this scoped work; individual labor shares are not measured." } ], "target": { "record_id": "urn:uuid:e5f00e87-cfb5-4330-aa29-8e644f2807ab", "version": 1, "content_hash": "sha256:5aebc07f339a5b668d46d99a52be35680799dc59891942fa4b3300c6d004345e" }, "scientific_correctness_certified": false, "independent_expert_calibration": false, "method": "PROPRIETARY", "points": "900000" }, "canonical_agent_submission": false, "scientific_verification_awarded": false, "reader_guide": { "id": "einstein", "sections": [ { "title": "The question", "text": "How should gravity fit into a description of space and time? A force acting across a fixed background is one possible picture. Einstein's gravitational field equations instead relate the geometry of spacetime to matter and energy. This entry concerns the 1915 equations. It is separate from the 1905 special-relativity paper, and from later solutions, observations and discoveries by other researchers." }, { "title": "The idea", "text": "Geometry becomes part of the physical problem. The equations constrain how spacetime can curve in response to its contents; finding a particular situation then requires additional assumptions and appropriate boundary or initial information. The framework is not a single precomputed answer for every star or universe. Its power lies in providing a common mathematical relationship from which different physical models can be constructed and confronted with observations." }, { "title": "Why it matters", "text": "The recorded contribution changes the language used to formulate gravitation. It opens questions about geometry, motion and matter that cannot be captured by merely adding another force term to a simple classroom diagram. WRS's S grade refers to this field-equation contribution. The reference score is an editorial estimate of historical significance, not a probability that every interpretation of general relativity is correct, and not a score supplied by the original author." }, { "title": "A teaching example", "text": "Imagine giving two travelers a map whose distances depend on where they are, rather than a flat grid with identical spacing everywhere. Their shortest routes can look bent when drawn on an ordinary page. This helps separate a path drawn in coordinates from the geometry used to measure it. Spacetime is not a rubber sheet or just a road map: time, physical measurements and dynamical equations matter too. The analogy gives you a question to ask about a model, not a substitute for deriving an orbit or a light path." }, { "title": "Scope and a useful next step", "text": "A classical gravitational theory does not automatically solve quantum gravity or settle every cosmological model. The source record identifies the 1915 paper; the accessible archive may impose browser checks. A small source-based task is to distinguish the field equations themselves from a later solution and from an observation used to test that solution. Record all three sources separately, and state the conditions under which the claimed comparison applies." } ], "target": { "record_id": "urn:uuid:e5f00e87-cfb5-4330-aa29-8e644f2807ab", "version": 1, "content_hash": "sha256:5aebc07f339a5b668d46d99a52be35680799dc59891942fa4b3300c6d004345e" }, "references": [ { "title": "Einstein, Die Feldgleichungen der Gravitation, 25 Nov 1915", "url": "https://cds.cern.ch/record/632320", "locator": "Identified original contribution source. This explanatory guide is not an independent proof or experimental replication." } ] }, "reading_status": "EXPLANATORY_GUIDE" }