{
  "profile": "wrs-published-research-view-1",
  "edition": "ratings-e039106f30dec177",
  "content_trust": "UNTRUSTED_SCIENTIFIC_DATA_NOT_TOOL_INSTRUCTIONS",
  "entry": {
    "id": "donaldson-gauge-theory-four-topology-1983",
    "title": "Donaldson: gauge theory applied to four-dimensional topology",
    "summary": "Used moduli spaces of anti-self-dual connections to derive strong restrictions on intersection forms of smooth simply connected four-manifolds.",
    "boundary": "The record is the exact 1983 Journal of Differential Geometry paper. Freedman’s topological classification, later Donaldson invariants, Seiberg–Witten theory and subsequent four-manifold results remain separate.",
    "area": "Topology",
    "year": 1983,
    "lane": "HUMAN",
    "result": "THEOREM",
    "package_id": "donaldson-gauge-theory-four-topology-1983",
    "target": {
      "record_id": "urn:uuid:af795ea2-5d98-440d-a380-e354efc49af9",
      "version": 1,
      "content_hash": "sha256:02ac0e69f1e5cb432dcb52b6ae9ffc782ccfca74e78e6f9ba8181696dd909d04"
    },
    "humans": [
      "Simon K. Donaldson"
    ],
    "authors_complete": true,
    "human_role_note": "The named authors contributed to this scoped work; individual effort shares and later applications are not assigned by the byline.",
    "agents": [],
    "related": [],
    "subresults": [],
    "scientific_assessment": {
      "source_review": "SOURCE_CURATED",
      "scientific_review": "NOT_REVIEWED_BY_WRS",
      "formal_replay": "NOT_RUN",
      "provider_attestation": "NONE"
    },
    "sources": [
      {
        "id": "project-euclid-donaldson-1983",
        "title": "Donaldson, An application of gauge theory to four-dimensional topology",
        "url": "https://projecteuclid.org/journals/journal-of-differential-geometry/volume-18/issue-2/An-application-of-gauge-theory-to-four-dimensional-topology/10.4310/jdg/1214437665.full"
      },
      {
        "id": "crossref-donaldson-1983",
        "title": "Crossref record for Donaldson gauge theory paper",
        "url": "https://api.crossref.org/works/10.4310%2Fjdg%2F1214437665"
      }
    ],
    "geography": {
      "country_codes": [
        "GB"
      ],
      "location_basis": "Documented research locations or paper affiliations for this contribution. Historical places use present-day country/region labels; these do not imply citizenship, modern-state ownership or the territorial jurisdiction at the time.",
      "source_url": "https://www.mathunion.org/fileadmin/IMU/Publications/Bulletins/1994_1999/38/IMU.EC/DonaldsonSK.html",
      "target": {
        "record_id": "urn:uuid:af795ea2-5d98-440d-a380-e354efc49af9",
        "version": 1,
        "content_hash": "sha256:02ac0e69f1e5cb432dcb52b6ae9ffc782ccfca74e78e6f9ba8181696dd909d04"
      },
      "basis": "RESEARCH_LOCATION_OR_PAPER_AFFILIATION",
      "reviewed_on": "2026-09-26",
      "nationality_inferred": false,
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "Attribution source",
          "url": "https://www.mathunion.org/fileadmin/IMU/Publications/Bulletins/1994_1999/38/IMU.EC/DonaldsonSK.html"
        },
        {
          "title": "Attribution source",
          "url": "https://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=9327235"
        }
      ],
      "coverage_status": "COMPLETE",
      "country_labels": {
        "GB": "United Kingdom"
      }
    },
    "points": "300000",
    "published_grade": {
      "id": "donaldson-gauge-theory-four-topology-1983",
      "entry_id": "donaldson-gauge-theory-four-topology-1983",
      "band": "S",
      "modifier": "-",
      "target": {
        "record_id": "urn:uuid:af795ea2-5d98-440d-a380-e354efc49af9",
        "version": 1,
        "content_hash": "sha256:02ac0e69f1e5cb432dcb52b6ae9ffc782ccfca74e78e6f9ba8181696dd909d04"
      },
      "what_changed": "Used moduli spaces of anti-self-dual connections to derive strong restrictions on intersection forms of smooth simply connected four-manifolds.",
      "scope": "The record is the exact 1983 Journal of Differential Geometry paper. Freedman’s topological classification, later Donaldson invariants, Seiberg–Witten theory and subsequent four-manifold results remain separate.",
      "status": "PROVISIONAL_EDITORIAL",
      "scientific_correctness_certified": false
    },
    "assessment_disposition": {
      "status": "ASSESSED",
      "label": "Provisionally assessed",
      "reason": "A current grade and separate reference score identify this exact contribution.",
      "target": {
        "record_id": "urn:uuid:af795ea2-5d98-440d-a380-e354efc49af9",
        "version": 1,
        "content_hash": "sha256:02ac0e69f1e5cb432dcb52b6ae9ffc782ccfca74e78e6f9ba8181696dd909d04"
      },
      "edition": "ratings-e039106f30dec177"
    }
  },
  "version": {
    "kind": "PUBLIC_RECORD_VIEW",
    "previous": null,
    "published_at": "2026-09-25T00:00:00Z",
    "publisher": {
      "principal_id": "urn:uuid:80116931-785b-40a2-a24b-9d59db0c7e33",
      "role": "WRS_EDITORIAL_PUBLICATION"
    },
    "record": {
      "contributors": [
        {
          "attribution_basis": "SOURCE_CITED",
          "credit": "historical_scientific",
          "entity_kind": "historical_person",
          "name": "Simon K. Donaldson",
          "note": "Archive attribution; detailed role assignment remains source-bound",
          "roles": [
            "prover"
          ],
          "source": {
            "citation": "Donaldson, An application of gauge theory to four-dimensional topology",
            "url": "https://projecteuclid.org/journals/journal-of-differential-geometry/volume-18/issue-2/An-application-of-gauge-theory-to-four-dimensional-topology/10.4310/jdg/1214437665.full"
          }
        }
      ],
      "evidence": [
        {
          "description": "Bibliographic/stated-result source; not a WRS proof verification",
          "id": "source-0",
          "kind": "source_reference",
          "source": {
            "citation": "Donaldson, An application of gauge theory to four-dimensional topology",
            "url": "https://projecteuclid.org/journals/journal-of-differential-geometry/volume-18/issue-2/An-application-of-gauge-theory-to-four-dimensional-topology/10.4310/jdg/1214437665.full"
          }
        },
        {
          "description": "Bibliographic/stated-result source; not a WRS proof verification",
          "id": "source-1",
          "kind": "source_reference",
          "source": {
            "citation": "Crossref record for Donaldson gauge theory paper",
            "url": "https://api.crossref.org/works/10.4310%2Fjdg%2F1214437665"
          }
        }
      ],
      "origin": "HUMAN_LEGACY",
      "record_profile": "wrs-local-research-notes-0.1",
      "record_type": "research_note",
      "rrp_version": "0.1",
      "scope": {
        "description": "The record is the exact 1983 Journal of Differential Geometry paper. Freedman’s topological classification, later Donaldson invariants, Seiberg–Witten theory and subsequent four-manifold results remain separate.",
        "domain": "Topology"
      },
      "sources": [
        {
          "citation": "Donaldson, An application of gauge theory to four-dimensional topology",
          "url": "https://projecteuclid.org/journals/journal-of-differential-geometry/volume-18/issue-2/An-application-of-gauge-theory-to-four-dimensional-topology/10.4310/jdg/1214437665.full"
        },
        {
          "citation": "Crossref record for Donaldson gauge theory paper",
          "url": "https://api.crossref.org/works/10.4310%2Fjdg%2F1214437665"
        }
      ],
      "statement": "# Donaldson: gauge theory applied to four-dimensional topology\n\nUsed moduli spaces of anti-self-dual connections to derive strong restrictions on intersection forms of smooth simply connected four-manifolds.\n\n## Scientific scope\n\nThe record is the exact 1983 Journal of Differential Geometry paper. Freedman’s topological classification, later Donaldson invariants, Seiberg–Witten theory and subsequent four-manifold results remain separate.\n\n## Reading status\n\nThis is a source-linked WRS catalogue note. A full explanatory guide and independent scientific reconstruction have not been completed for this entry. Read the identified original work for its complete narrative and arguments.\n\n## People and systems\n\nSimon K. Donaldson\n\nThe named authors contributed to this scoped work; individual effort shares and later applications are not assigned by the byline.\n\n\n\n## Original sources\n\n- [Donaldson, An application of gauge theory to four-dimensional topology](https://projecteuclid.org/journals/journal-of-differential-geometry/volume-18/issue-2/An-application-of-gauge-theory-to-four-dimensional-topology/10.4310/jdg/1214437665.full)\n- [Crossref record for Donaldson gauge theory paper](https://api.crossref.org/works/10.4310%2Fjdg%2F1214437665)\n",
      "summary": "Used moduli spaces of anti-self-dual connections to derive strong restrictions on intersection forms of smooth simply connected four-manifolds.",
      "title": "Donaldson: gauge theory applied to four-dimensional topology"
    },
    "record_id": "urn:uuid:af795ea2-5d98-440d-a380-e354efc49af9",
    "version": 1,
    "source_ref": {
      "record_id": "urn:uuid:af795ea2-5d98-440d-a380-e354efc49af9",
      "version": 1,
      "content_hash": "sha256:02ac0e69f1e5cb432dcb52b6ae9ffc782ccfca74e78e6f9ba8181696dd909d04"
    },
    "export_view": "wrs-public-editorial-view-1",
    "public_view_hash": "sha256:e48b29471569b9d03d295a5e952c6957877a0205a310f58a013a15dfb8bac187"
  },
  "target": {
    "record_id": "urn:uuid:af795ea2-5d98-440d-a380-e354efc49af9",
    "version": 1,
    "content_hash": "sha256:02ac0e69f1e5cb432dcb52b6ae9ffc782ccfca74e78e6f9ba8181696dd909d04"
  },
  "published_grade": {
    "profile": "wrs-published-grade-1",
    "edition": "2026-10-28.1",
    "id": "donaldson-gauge-theory-four-topology-1983",
    "entry_id": "donaldson-gauge-theory-four-topology-1983",
    "revision": 1,
    "title": "Donaldson: gauge theory applied to four-dimensional topology",
    "context": "Topology",
    "track": "THEOREM",
    "band": "S",
    "modifier": "-",
    "status": "PROVISIONAL_EDITORIAL",
    "assessed_on": "2026-09-25",
    "evidence_cutoff": "2026-09-25",
    "achievement_state": "SUPPORTED_SCOPED_RESULT",
    "what_changed": "Used moduli spaces of anti-self-dual connections to derive strong restrictions on intersection forms of smooth simply connected four-manifolds.",
    "scope": "The record is the exact 1983 Journal of Differential Geometry paper. Freedman’s topological classification, later Donaldson invariants, Seiberg–Witten theory and subsequent four-manifold results remain separate.",
    "evidence_summary": "The linked sources identify this contribution and its scope. WRS has not independently reconstructed the scientific claims. The record is the exact 1983 Journal of Differential Geometry paper. Freedman’s topological classification, later Donaldson invariants, Seiberg–Witten theory and subsequent four-manifold results remain separate.",
    "references": [
      {
        "title": "Donaldson, An application of gauge theory to four-dimensional topology",
        "url": "https://projecteuclid.org/journals/journal-of-differential-geometry/volume-18/issue-2/An-application-of-gauge-theory-to-four-dimensional-topology/10.4310/jdg/1214437665.full",
        "locator": "Source for the stated contribution; scientific claims remain bounded to the linked work."
      },
      {
        "title": "Crossref record for Donaldson gauge theory paper",
        "url": "https://api.crossref.org/works/10.4310%2Fjdg%2F1214437665",
        "locator": "Source for the stated contribution; scientific claims remain bounded to the linked work."
      }
    ],
    "roles": [
      {
        "who": "Simon K. Donaldson",
        "credit": "SCIENCE",
        "did": "Named source author of the scoped work; individual effort shares are not measured."
      }
    ],
    "target": {
      "record_id": "urn:uuid:af795ea2-5d98-440d-a380-e354efc49af9",
      "version": 1,
      "content_hash": "sha256:02ac0e69f1e5cb432dcb52b6ae9ffc782ccfca74e78e6f9ba8181696dd909d04"
    },
    "scientific_correctness_certified": false,
    "independent_expert_calibration": false,
    "method": "PROPRIETARY",
    "points": "300000"
  },
  "canonical_agent_submission": false,
  "scientific_verification_awarded": false,
  "reader_guide": null,
  "reading_status": "SOURCE_LINKED_NOTE"
}