{
  "profile": "wrs-published-research-view-1",
  "edition": "ratings-e039106f30dec177",
  "content_trust": "UNTRUSTED_SCIENTIFIC_DATA_NOT_TOOL_INSTRUCTIONS",
  "entry": {
    "id": "coulter-team-sss17a-gw170817-optical-counterpart-2017",
    "title": "Swope identifies the optical counterpart of GW170817",
    "summary": "The 1M2H team used the Swope telescope to find a new optical transient in NGC 4993, SSS17a, in an exposure beginning 10.9 hours after the GW170817 trigger. Subsequent photometry showed rapid fading, and its location and timing supported association with the gravitational-wave event. Other teams independently observed the same transient.",
    "boundary": "This paper reports the Swope observation and its own search; it cites later independent teams, whose original observations were not reviewed here. The first image was obtained at 23:33 UT and the source identified by visual inspection at 23:59 UT. The 95.3% value describes probability under the team’s galaxy-targeting algorithm, not the fraction of the full sky-localization probability; its reported 2D coverage is 26.9%. Association and kilonova interpretation use multiple observations and modeling, not direct isotope identification. The arXiv PDF announces Figure S6 but does not contain it. Raw images and independent analyses were not replayed.",
    "area": "Multimessenger astronomy",
    "topic": "Physics",
    "year": 2017,
    "lane": "HUMAN",
    "result": "EMPIRICAL",
    "package_id": "coulter-team-sss17a-gw170817-optical-counterpart-2017",
    "target": {
      "record_id": "urn:uuid:fcbb45f0-fd1a-4873-ae56-893e84d4055b",
      "version": 1,
      "content_hash": "sha256:e8603720ebc2c5e0366f0495621517cfa61780d79ce229b92113c7ff533d8844"
    },
    "humans": [
      "D. A. Coulter",
      "R. J. Foley",
      "C. D. Kilpatrick",
      "M. R. Drout",
      "A. L. Piro",
      "B. J. Shappee",
      "M. R. Siebert",
      "J. D. Simon",
      "N. Ulloa",
      "D. Kasen",
      "B. F. Madore",
      "A. Murguia-Berthier",
      "Y.-C. Pan",
      "J. X. Prochaska",
      "E. Ramirez-Ruiz",
      "A. Rest",
      "C. Rojas-Bravo"
    ],
    "authors_complete": true,
    "human_role_note": "These are the listed authors of the cited contribution sources. Paper authorship does not quantify individual effort. An incomplete list is explicitly marked; same names are not automatically merged.",
    "agents": [],
    "related": [],
    "subresults": [],
    "scientific_assessment": {
      "source_review": "SOURCE_CURATED",
      "scientific_review": "NOT_REVIEWED_BY_WRS",
      "formal_replay": "NOT_RUN",
      "provider_attestation": "NONE"
    },
    "sources": [
      {
        "id": "coulter-sss17a-optical-counterpart-2017-v1",
        "title": "Swope Supernova Survey 2017a (SSS17a), the Optical Counterpart to a Gravitational Wave Source",
        "url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/1710.05452v1",
        "date": "2017-10-16"
      }
    ],
    "points": "170000",
    "published_grade": {
      "id": "coulter-team-sss17a-gw170817-optical-counterpart-2017",
      "entry_id": "coulter-team-sss17a-gw170817-optical-counterpart-2017",
      "band": "A",
      "modifier": "+",
      "target": {
        "record_id": "urn:uuid:fcbb45f0-fd1a-4873-ae56-893e84d4055b",
        "version": 1,
        "content_hash": "sha256:e8603720ebc2c5e0366f0495621517cfa61780d79ce229b92113c7ff533d8844"
      },
      "what_changed": "The 1M2H team used the Swope telescope to find a new optical transient in NGC 4993, SSS17a, in an exposure beginning 10.9 hours after the GW170817 trigger. Subsequent photometry showed rapid fading, and its location and timing supported association with the gravitational-wave event. Other teams independently observed the same transient.",
      "scope": "The 1M2H team used the Swope telescope to find a new optical transient in NGC 4993, SSS17a, in an exposure beginning 10.9 hours after the GW170817 trigger. Subsequent photometry showed rapid fading, and its location and timing supported association with the gravitational-wave event. Other teams independently observed the same transient. This paper reports the Swope observation and its own search; it cites later independent teams, whose original observations were not reviewed here. The first image was obtained at 23:33 UT and the source identified by visual inspection at 23:59 UT. The 95.3% value describes probability under the team’s galaxy-targeting algorithm, not the fraction of the full sky-localization probability; its reported 2D coverage is 26.9%. Association and kilonova interpretation use multiple observations and modeling, not direct isotope identification. The arXiv PDF announces Figure S6 but does not contain it. Raw images and independent analyses were not replayed.",
      "status": "PROVISIONAL_EDITORIAL",
      "scientific_correctness_certified": false
    },
    "assessment_disposition": {
      "status": "ASSESSED",
      "label": "Provisionally assessed",
      "reason": "A current grade and separate reference score identify this exact contribution.",
      "target": {
        "record_id": "urn:uuid:fcbb45f0-fd1a-4873-ae56-893e84d4055b",
        "version": 1,
        "content_hash": "sha256:e8603720ebc2c5e0366f0495621517cfa61780d79ce229b92113c7ff533d8844"
      },
      "edition": "ratings-e039106f30dec177"
    }
  },
  "version": {
    "kind": "PUBLIC_RECORD_VIEW",
    "previous": null,
    "published_at": "2026-10-28T00:00:00Z",
    "publisher": {
      "principal_id": "urn:uuid:80116931-785b-40a2-a24b-9d59db0c7e33",
      "role": "WRS_EDITORIAL_PUBLICATION"
    },
    "record": {
      "contributors": [
        {
          "attribution_basis": "SOURCE_CITED",
          "credit": "historical_scientific",
          "entity_kind": "historical_person",
          "name": "D. A. Coulter",
          "note": "Archive attribution; detailed role assignment remains source-bound",
          "roles": [
            "discoverer"
          ],
          "source": {
            "citation": "Swope Supernova Survey 2017a (SSS17a), the Optical Counterpart to a Gravitational Wave Source",
            "url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/1710.05452v1"
          }
        },
        {
          "attribution_basis": "SOURCE_CITED",
          "credit": "historical_scientific",
          "entity_kind": "historical_person",
          "name": "R. J. Foley",
          "note": "Archive attribution; detailed role assignment remains source-bound",
          "roles": [
            "discoverer"
          ],
          "source": {
            "citation": "Swope Supernova Survey 2017a (SSS17a), the Optical Counterpart to a Gravitational Wave Source",
            "url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/1710.05452v1"
          }
        },
        {
          "attribution_basis": "SOURCE_CITED",
          "credit": "historical_scientific",
          "entity_kind": "historical_person",
          "name": "C. D. Kilpatrick",
          "note": "Archive attribution; detailed role assignment remains source-bound",
          "roles": [
            "discoverer"
          ],
          "source": {
            "citation": "Swope Supernova Survey 2017a (SSS17a), the Optical Counterpart to a Gravitational Wave Source",
            "url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/1710.05452v1"
          }
        },
        {
          "attribution_basis": "SOURCE_CITED",
          "credit": "historical_scientific",
          "entity_kind": "historical_person",
          "name": "M. R. Drout",
          "note": "Archive attribution; detailed role assignment remains source-bound",
          "roles": [
            "discoverer"
          ],
          "source": {
            "citation": "Swope Supernova Survey 2017a (SSS17a), the Optical Counterpart to a Gravitational Wave Source",
            "url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/1710.05452v1"
          }
        },
        {
          "attribution_basis": "SOURCE_CITED",
          "credit": "historical_scientific",
          "entity_kind": "historical_person",
          "name": "A. L. Piro",
          "note": "Archive attribution; detailed role assignment remains source-bound",
          "roles": [
            "discoverer"
          ],
          "source": {
            "citation": "Swope Supernova Survey 2017a (SSS17a), the Optical Counterpart to a Gravitational Wave Source",
            "url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/1710.05452v1"
          }
        },
        {
          "attribution_basis": "SOURCE_CITED",
          "credit": "historical_scientific",
          "entity_kind": "historical_person",
          "name": "B. J. Shappee",
          "note": "Archive attribution; detailed role assignment remains source-bound",
          "roles": [
            "discoverer"
          ],
          "source": {
            "citation": "Swope Supernova Survey 2017a (SSS17a), the Optical Counterpart to a Gravitational Wave Source",
            "url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/1710.05452v1"
          }
        },
        {
          "attribution_basis": "SOURCE_CITED",
          "credit": "historical_scientific",
          "entity_kind": "historical_person",
          "name": "M. R. Siebert",
          "note": "Archive attribution; detailed role assignment remains source-bound",
          "roles": [
            "discoverer"
          ],
          "source": {
            "citation": "Swope Supernova Survey 2017a (SSS17a), the Optical Counterpart to a Gravitational Wave Source",
            "url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/1710.05452v1"
          }
        },
        {
          "attribution_basis": "SOURCE_CITED",
          "credit": "historical_scientific",
          "entity_kind": "historical_person",
          "name": "J. D. Simon",
          "note": "Archive attribution; detailed role assignment remains source-bound",
          "roles": [
            "discoverer"
          ],
          "source": {
            "citation": "Swope Supernova Survey 2017a (SSS17a), the Optical Counterpart to a Gravitational Wave Source",
            "url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/1710.05452v1"
          }
        },
        {
          "attribution_basis": "SOURCE_CITED",
          "credit": "historical_scientific",
          "entity_kind": "historical_person",
          "name": "N. Ulloa",
          "note": "Archive attribution; detailed role assignment remains source-bound",
          "roles": [
            "discoverer"
          ],
          "source": {
            "citation": "Swope Supernova Survey 2017a (SSS17a), the Optical Counterpart to a Gravitational Wave Source",
            "url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/1710.05452v1"
          }
        },
        {
          "attribution_basis": "SOURCE_CITED",
          "credit": "historical_scientific",
          "entity_kind": "historical_person",
          "name": "D. Kasen",
          "note": "Archive attribution; detailed role assignment remains source-bound",
          "roles": [
            "discoverer"
          ],
          "source": {
            "citation": "Swope Supernova Survey 2017a (SSS17a), the Optical Counterpart to a Gravitational Wave Source",
            "url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/1710.05452v1"
          }
        },
        {
          "attribution_basis": "SOURCE_CITED",
          "credit": "historical_scientific",
          "entity_kind": "historical_person",
          "name": "B. F. Madore",
          "note": "Archive attribution; detailed role assignment remains source-bound",
          "roles": [
            "discoverer"
          ],
          "source": {
            "citation": "Swope Supernova Survey 2017a (SSS17a), the Optical Counterpart to a Gravitational Wave Source",
            "url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/1710.05452v1"
          }
        },
        {
          "attribution_basis": "SOURCE_CITED",
          "credit": "historical_scientific",
          "entity_kind": "historical_person",
          "name": "A. Murguia-Berthier",
          "note": "Archive attribution; detailed role assignment remains source-bound",
          "roles": [
            "discoverer"
          ],
          "source": {
            "citation": "Swope Supernova Survey 2017a (SSS17a), the Optical Counterpart to a Gravitational Wave Source",
            "url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/1710.05452v1"
          }
        },
        {
          "attribution_basis": "SOURCE_CITED",
          "credit": "historical_scientific",
          "entity_kind": "historical_person",
          "name": "Y.-C. Pan",
          "note": "Archive attribution; detailed role assignment remains source-bound",
          "roles": [
            "discoverer"
          ],
          "source": {
            "citation": "Swope Supernova Survey 2017a (SSS17a), the Optical Counterpart to a Gravitational Wave Source",
            "url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/1710.05452v1"
          }
        },
        {
          "attribution_basis": "SOURCE_CITED",
          "credit": "historical_scientific",
          "entity_kind": "historical_person",
          "name": "J. X. Prochaska",
          "note": "Archive attribution; detailed role assignment remains source-bound",
          "roles": [
            "discoverer"
          ],
          "source": {
            "citation": "Swope Supernova Survey 2017a (SSS17a), the Optical Counterpart to a Gravitational Wave Source",
            "url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/1710.05452v1"
          }
        },
        {
          "attribution_basis": "SOURCE_CITED",
          "credit": "historical_scientific",
          "entity_kind": "historical_person",
          "name": "E. Ramirez-Ruiz",
          "note": "Archive attribution; detailed role assignment remains source-bound",
          "roles": [
            "discoverer"
          ],
          "source": {
            "citation": "Swope Supernova Survey 2017a (SSS17a), the Optical Counterpart to a Gravitational Wave Source",
            "url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/1710.05452v1"
          }
        },
        {
          "attribution_basis": "SOURCE_CITED",
          "credit": "historical_scientific",
          "entity_kind": "historical_person",
          "name": "A. Rest",
          "note": "Archive attribution; detailed role assignment remains source-bound",
          "roles": [
            "discoverer"
          ],
          "source": {
            "citation": "Swope Supernova Survey 2017a (SSS17a), the Optical Counterpart to a Gravitational Wave Source",
            "url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/1710.05452v1"
          }
        },
        {
          "attribution_basis": "SOURCE_CITED",
          "credit": "historical_scientific",
          "entity_kind": "historical_person",
          "name": "C. Rojas-Bravo",
          "note": "Archive attribution; detailed role assignment remains source-bound",
          "roles": [
            "discoverer"
          ],
          "source": {
            "citation": "Swope Supernova Survey 2017a (SSS17a), the Optical Counterpart to a Gravitational Wave Source",
            "url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/1710.05452v1"
          }
        }
      ],
      "evidence": [
        {
          "description": "Bibliographic/stated-result source; not a WRS proof verification",
          "id": "source-0",
          "kind": "source_reference",
          "source": {
            "citation": "Swope Supernova Survey 2017a (SSS17a), the Optical Counterpart to a Gravitational Wave Source",
            "url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/1710.05452v1"
          }
        }
      ],
      "origin": "HUMAN_LEGACY",
      "record_profile": "wrs-local-research-notes-0.1",
      "record_type": "research_note",
      "rrp_version": "0.1",
      "scope": {
        "description": "This paper reports the Swope observation and its own search; it cites later independent teams, whose original observations were not reviewed here. The first image was obtained at 23:33 UT and the source identified by visual inspection at 23:59 UT. The 95.3% value describes probability under the team’s galaxy-targeting algorithm, not the fraction of the full sky-localization probability; its reported 2D coverage is 26.9%. Association and kilonova interpretation use multiple observations and modeling, not direct isotope identification. The arXiv PDF announces Figure S6 but does not contain it. Raw images and independent analyses were not replayed.",
        "domain": "Multimessenger astronomy"
      },
      "sources": [
        {
          "citation": "Swope Supernova Survey 2017a (SSS17a), the Optical Counterpart to a Gravitational Wave Source",
          "url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/1710.05452v1"
        }
      ],
      "statement": "# Swope identifies the optical counterpart of GW170817\n\nThe 1M2H team used the Swope telescope to find a new optical transient in NGC 4993, SSS17a, in an exposure beginning 10.9 hours after the GW170817 trigger. Subsequent photometry showed rapid fading, and its location and timing supported association with the gravitational-wave event. Other teams independently observed the same transient.\n\n## Scientific scope\n\nThis paper reports the Swope observation and its own search; it cites later independent teams, whose original observations were not reviewed here. The first image was obtained at 23:33 UT and the source identified by visual inspection at 23:59 UT. The 95.3% value describes probability under the team’s galaxy-targeting algorithm, not the fraction of the full sky-localization probability; its reported 2D coverage is 26.9%. Association and kilonova interpretation use multiple observations and modeling, not direct isotope identification. The arXiv PDF announces Figure S6 but does not contain it. Raw images and independent analyses were not replayed.\n\n## Reading status\n\nThis is a source-linked WRS catalogue note. A full explanatory guide and independent scientific reconstruction have not been completed for this entry. Read the identified original work for its complete narrative and arguments.\n\n## People and systems\n\nD. A. Coulter; R. J. Foley; C. D. Kilpatrick; M. R. Drout; A. L. Piro; B. J. Shappee; M. R. Siebert; J. D. Simon; N. Ulloa; D. Kasen; B. F. Madore; A. Murguia-Berthier; Y.-C. Pan; J. X. Prochaska; E. Ramirez-Ruiz; A. Rest; C. Rojas-Bravo\n\nThese are the listed authors of the cited contribution sources. Paper authorship does not quantify individual effort. An incomplete list is explicitly marked; same names are not automatically merged.\n\n\n\n## Original sources\n\n- [Swope Supernova Survey 2017a (SSS17a), the Optical Counterpart to a Gravitational Wave Source](https://arxiv.org/pdf/1710.05452v1)\n",
      "summary": "The 1M2H team used the Swope telescope to find a new optical transient in NGC 4993, SSS17a, in an exposure beginning 10.9 hours after the GW170817 trigger. Subsequent photometry showed rapid fading, and its location and timing supported association with the gravitational-wave event. Other teams independently observed the same transient.",
      "title": "Swope identifies the optical counterpart of GW170817"
    },
    "record_id": "urn:uuid:fcbb45f0-fd1a-4873-ae56-893e84d4055b",
    "version": 1,
    "source_ref": {
      "record_id": "urn:uuid:fcbb45f0-fd1a-4873-ae56-893e84d4055b",
      "version": 1,
      "content_hash": "sha256:e8603720ebc2c5e0366f0495621517cfa61780d79ce229b92113c7ff533d8844"
    },
    "export_view": "wrs-public-editorial-view-1",
    "public_view_hash": "sha256:3eef8fe020d4c9ada83e7f9419ae24cc567728d6e7088b29b05c8eec23ea5355"
  },
  "target": {
    "record_id": "urn:uuid:fcbb45f0-fd1a-4873-ae56-893e84d4055b",
    "version": 1,
    "content_hash": "sha256:e8603720ebc2c5e0366f0495621517cfa61780d79ce229b92113c7ff533d8844"
  },
  "published_grade": {
    "profile": "wrs-published-grade-1",
    "edition": "2026-10-28.1",
    "id": "coulter-team-sss17a-gw170817-optical-counterpart-2017",
    "entry_id": "coulter-team-sss17a-gw170817-optical-counterpart-2017",
    "revision": 1,
    "title": "Swope identifies the optical counterpart of GW170817",
    "context": "Multimessenger astronomy",
    "track": "Source-reported experimental result or reusable measurement method",
    "band": "A",
    "modifier": "+",
    "status": "PROVISIONAL_EDITORIAL",
    "assessed_on": "2026-10-28",
    "evidence_cutoff": "2026-10-28",
    "achievement_state": "SUPPORTED_SCOPED_RESULT",
    "what_changed": "The 1M2H team used the Swope telescope to find a new optical transient in NGC 4993, SSS17a, in an exposure beginning 10.9 hours after the GW170817 trigger. Subsequent photometry showed rapid fading, and its location and timing supported association with the gravitational-wave event. Other teams independently observed the same transient.",
    "scope": "The 1M2H team used the Swope telescope to find a new optical transient in NGC 4993, SSS17a, in an exposure beginning 10.9 hours after the GW170817 trigger. Subsequent photometry showed rapid fading, and its location and timing supported association with the gravitational-wave event. Other teams independently observed the same transient. This paper reports the Swope observation and its own search; it cites later independent teams, whose original observations were not reviewed here. The first image was obtained at 23:33 UT and the source identified by visual inspection at 23:59 UT. The 95.3% value describes probability under the team’s galaxy-targeting algorithm, not the fraction of the full sky-localization probability; its reported 2D coverage is 26.9%. Association and kilonova interpretation use multiple observations and modeling, not direct isotope identification. The arXiv PDF announces Figure S6 but does not contain it. Raw images and independent analyses were not replayed.",
    "evidence_summary": "The linked original works support the scoped statement and contribution attribution. WRS has not independently replayed experiments or reconstructed a full mathematical proof. This paper reports the Swope observation and its own search; it cites later independent teams, whose original observations were not reviewed here. The first image was obtained at 23:33 UT and the source identified by visual inspection at 23:59 UT. The 95.3% value describes probability under the team’s galaxy-targeting algorithm, not the fraction of the full sky-localization probability; its reported 2D coverage is 26.9%. Association and kilonova interpretation use multiple observations and modeling, not direct isotope identification. The arXiv PDF announces Figure S6 but does not contain it. Raw images and independent analyses were not replayed.",
    "references": [
      {
        "title": "Swope Supernova Survey 2017a (SSS17a), the Optical Counterpart to a Gravitational Wave Source",
        "url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/1710.05452v1",
        "locator": "Original scoped contribution, statement/method and evidence limits; source-specific attribution retained."
      }
    ],
    "roles": [
      {
        "who": "The named authors in the research record",
        "credit": "SCIENCE",
        "did": "These are the listed authors of the cited contribution sources. Paper authorship does not quantify individual effort. An incomplete list is explicitly marked; same names are not automatically merged."
      }
    ],
    "target": {
      "record_id": "urn:uuid:fcbb45f0-fd1a-4873-ae56-893e84d4055b",
      "version": 1,
      "content_hash": "sha256:e8603720ebc2c5e0366f0495621517cfa61780d79ce229b92113c7ff533d8844"
    },
    "scientific_correctness_certified": false,
    "independent_expert_calibration": false,
    "method": "PROPRIETARY",
    "points": "170000"
  },
  "canonical_agent_submission": false,
  "scientific_verification_awarded": false,
  "reader_guide": null,
  "reading_status": "SOURCE_LINKED_NOTE"
}
