{
  "profile": "wrs-published-research-view-1",
  "edition": "ratings-e039106f30dec177",
  "content_trust": "UNTRUSTED_SCIENTIFIC_DATA_NOT_TOOL_INSTRUCTIONS",
  "entry": {
    "id": "cast-solar-axion-helium-search-2015",
    "title": "CAST searches for solar axions with helium-filled and vacuum helioscopes",
    "summary": "CAST used a solar-tracking magnet to search for axion-to-photon conversion. A 2012 helium-buffer run improved limits in selected mass regions near 0.2 and 0.4 eV. Its 2013–2015 vacuum run found no significant excess and reported a 95% upper coupling limit of 0.66 × 10⁻¹⁰ GeV⁻¹ for masses below about 0.02 eV.",
    "boundary": "Both results depend on the assumed solar axion flux and conversion model, detector backgrounds and a Bayesian posterior with a flat prior in the fourth power of the coupling. The helium and vacuum mass regions and datasets differ; neither result is an axion detection or an exclusion of all masses. The vacuum-run limit accounts primarily for statistical fluctuations; the authors estimate systematic effects below 10% rather than independently proving they vanish.",
    "area": "Particle physics",
    "topic": "Physics",
    "year": 2015,
    "lane": "HUMAN",
    "result": "EMPIRICAL",
    "package_id": "cast-solar-axion-helium-search-2015",
    "target": {
      "record_id": "urn:uuid:33e3aecb-78fb-4785-a1a8-e16e5afde5a0",
      "version": 1,
      "content_hash": "sha256:5c942d1a9788cdee8823eddfb267830f44bff07076450079ef7e85764ed7537d"
    },
    "humans": [
      "M. Arik",
      "S. Aune",
      "K. Barth",
      "V. Anastassopoulos"
    ],
    "authors_complete": false,
    "human_role_note": "These are the listed authors of the cited contribution sources. Paper authorship does not quantify individual effort. An incomplete list is explicitly marked; same names are not automatically merged.",
    "agents": [],
    "related": [],
    "subresults": [],
    "scientific_assessment": {
      "source_review": "SOURCE_CURATED",
      "scientific_review": "NOT_REVIEWED_BY_WRS",
      "formal_replay": "NOT_RUN",
      "provider_attestation": "NONE"
    },
    "sources": [
      {
        "id": "cast-solar-axion-helium-search-2015-v1",
        "title": "New solar axion search in CAST with ⁴He filling",
        "url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/1503.00610v1",
        "date": "2015-03-02"
      },
      {
        "id": "cast-solar-axion-vacuum-search-2017-v1",
        "title": "New CAST Limit on the Axion–Photon Interaction",
        "url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/1705.02290v1",
        "date": "2017-05-05"
      }
    ],
    "points": "65000",
    "published_grade": {
      "id": "cast-solar-axion-helium-search-2015",
      "entry_id": "cast-solar-axion-helium-search-2015",
      "band": "B",
      "modifier": "+",
      "target": {
        "record_id": "urn:uuid:33e3aecb-78fb-4785-a1a8-e16e5afde5a0",
        "version": 1,
        "content_hash": "sha256:5c942d1a9788cdee8823eddfb267830f44bff07076450079ef7e85764ed7537d"
      },
      "what_changed": "CAST used a solar-tracking magnet to search for axion-to-photon conversion. A 2012 helium-buffer run improved limits in selected mass regions near 0.2 and 0.4 eV. Its 2013–2015 vacuum run found no significant excess and reported a 95% upper coupling limit of 0.66 × 10⁻¹⁰ GeV⁻¹ for masses below about 0.02 eV.",
      "scope": "CAST used a solar-tracking magnet to search for axion-to-photon conversion. A 2012 helium-buffer run improved limits in selected mass regions near 0.2 and 0.4 eV. Its 2013–2015 vacuum run found no significant excess and reported a 95% upper coupling limit of 0.66 × 10⁻¹⁰ GeV⁻¹ for masses below about 0.02 eV. Both results depend on the assumed solar axion flux and conversion model, detector backgrounds and a Bayesian posterior with a flat prior in the fourth power of the coupling. The helium and vacuum mass regions and datasets differ; neither result is an axion detection or an exclusion of all masses. The vacuum-run limit accounts primarily for statistical fluctuations; the authors estimate systematic effects below 10% rather than independently proving they vanish.",
      "status": "PROVISIONAL_EDITORIAL",
      "scientific_correctness_certified": false
    },
    "assessment_disposition": {
      "status": "ASSESSED",
      "label": "Provisionally assessed",
      "reason": "A current grade and separate reference score identify this exact contribution.",
      "target": {
        "record_id": "urn:uuid:33e3aecb-78fb-4785-a1a8-e16e5afde5a0",
        "version": 1,
        "content_hash": "sha256:5c942d1a9788cdee8823eddfb267830f44bff07076450079ef7e85764ed7537d"
      },
      "edition": "ratings-e039106f30dec177"
    }
  },
  "version": {
    "kind": "PUBLIC_RECORD_VIEW",
    "previous": null,
    "published_at": "2026-10-28T00:00:00Z",
    "publisher": {
      "principal_id": "urn:uuid:80116931-785b-40a2-a24b-9d59db0c7e33",
      "role": "WRS_EDITORIAL_PUBLICATION"
    },
    "record": {
      "contributors": [
        {
          "attribution_basis": "SOURCE_CITED",
          "credit": "historical_scientific",
          "entity_kind": "historical_person",
          "name": "M. Arik",
          "note": "Archive attribution; detailed role assignment remains source-bound",
          "roles": [
            "discoverer"
          ],
          "source": {
            "citation": "New solar axion search in CAST with ⁴He filling",
            "url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/1503.00610v1"
          }
        },
        {
          "attribution_basis": "SOURCE_CITED",
          "credit": "historical_scientific",
          "entity_kind": "historical_person",
          "name": "S. Aune",
          "note": "Archive attribution; detailed role assignment remains source-bound",
          "roles": [
            "discoverer"
          ],
          "source": {
            "citation": "New solar axion search in CAST with ⁴He filling",
            "url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/1503.00610v1"
          }
        },
        {
          "attribution_basis": "SOURCE_CITED",
          "credit": "historical_scientific",
          "entity_kind": "historical_person",
          "name": "K. Barth",
          "note": "Archive attribution; detailed role assignment remains source-bound",
          "roles": [
            "discoverer"
          ],
          "source": {
            "citation": "New solar axion search in CAST with ⁴He filling",
            "url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/1503.00610v1"
          }
        },
        {
          "attribution_basis": "SOURCE_CITED",
          "credit": "historical_scientific",
          "entity_kind": "historical_person",
          "name": "V. Anastassopoulos",
          "note": "Archive attribution; detailed role assignment remains source-bound",
          "roles": [
            "discoverer"
          ],
          "source": {
            "citation": "New CAST Limit on the Axion–Photon Interaction",
            "url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/1705.02290v1"
          }
        }
      ],
      "evidence": [
        {
          "description": "Bibliographic/stated-result source; not a WRS proof verification",
          "id": "source-0",
          "kind": "source_reference",
          "source": {
            "citation": "New solar axion search in CAST with ⁴He filling",
            "url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/1503.00610v1"
          }
        },
        {
          "description": "Bibliographic/stated-result source; not a WRS proof verification",
          "id": "source-1",
          "kind": "source_reference",
          "source": {
            "citation": "New CAST Limit on the Axion–Photon Interaction",
            "url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/1705.02290v1"
          }
        }
      ],
      "origin": "HUMAN_LEGACY",
      "record_profile": "wrs-local-research-notes-0.1",
      "record_type": "research_note",
      "rrp_version": "0.1",
      "scope": {
        "description": "Both results depend on the assumed solar axion flux and conversion model, detector backgrounds and a Bayesian posterior with a flat prior in the fourth power of the coupling. The helium and vacuum mass regions and datasets differ; neither result is an axion detection or an exclusion of all masses. The vacuum-run limit accounts primarily for statistical fluctuations; the authors estimate systematic effects below 10% rather than independently proving they vanish.",
        "domain": "Particle physics"
      },
      "sources": [
        {
          "citation": "New solar axion search in CAST with ⁴He filling",
          "url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/1503.00610v1"
        },
        {
          "citation": "New CAST Limit on the Axion–Photon Interaction",
          "url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/1705.02290v1"
        }
      ],
      "statement": "# CAST searches for solar axions with helium-filled and vacuum helioscopes\n\nCAST used a solar-tracking magnet to search for axion-to-photon conversion. A 2012 helium-buffer run improved limits in selected mass regions near 0.2 and 0.4 eV. Its 2013–2015 vacuum run found no significant excess and reported a 95% upper coupling limit of 0.66 × 10⁻¹⁰ GeV⁻¹ for masses below about 0.02 eV.\n\n## Scientific scope\n\nBoth results depend on the assumed solar axion flux and conversion model, detector backgrounds and a Bayesian posterior with a flat prior in the fourth power of the coupling. The helium and vacuum mass regions and datasets differ; neither result is an axion detection or an exclusion of all masses. The vacuum-run limit accounts primarily for statistical fluctuations; the authors estimate systematic effects below 10% rather than independently proving they vanish.\n\n## Reading status\n\nThis is a source-linked WRS catalogue note. A full explanatory guide and independent scientific reconstruction have not been completed for this entry. Read the identified original work for its complete narrative and arguments.\n\n## People and systems\n\nM. Arik; S. Aune; K. Barth; V. Anastassopoulos\n\nThese are the listed authors of the cited contribution sources. Paper authorship does not quantify individual effort. An incomplete list is explicitly marked; same names are not automatically merged.\n\n\n\n## Original sources\n\n- [New solar axion search in CAST with ⁴He filling](https://arxiv.org/pdf/1503.00610v1)\n- [New CAST Limit on the Axion–Photon Interaction](https://arxiv.org/pdf/1705.02290v1)\n",
      "summary": "CAST used a solar-tracking magnet to search for axion-to-photon conversion. A 2012 helium-buffer run improved limits in selected mass regions near 0.2 and 0.4 eV. Its 2013–2015 vacuum run found no significant excess and reported a 95% upper coupling limit of 0.66 × 10⁻¹⁰ GeV⁻¹ for masses below about 0.02 eV.",
      "title": "CAST searches for solar axions with helium-filled and vacuum helioscopes"
    },
    "record_id": "urn:uuid:33e3aecb-78fb-4785-a1a8-e16e5afde5a0",
    "version": 1,
    "source_ref": {
      "record_id": "urn:uuid:33e3aecb-78fb-4785-a1a8-e16e5afde5a0",
      "version": 1,
      "content_hash": "sha256:5c942d1a9788cdee8823eddfb267830f44bff07076450079ef7e85764ed7537d"
    },
    "export_view": "wrs-public-editorial-view-1",
    "public_view_hash": "sha256:424114aedd109241ab220397c4c3465769e7ea00123044ad932e51afda88e7ea"
  },
  "target": {
    "record_id": "urn:uuid:33e3aecb-78fb-4785-a1a8-e16e5afde5a0",
    "version": 1,
    "content_hash": "sha256:5c942d1a9788cdee8823eddfb267830f44bff07076450079ef7e85764ed7537d"
  },
  "published_grade": {
    "profile": "wrs-published-grade-1",
    "edition": "2026-10-28.1",
    "id": "cast-solar-axion-helium-search-2015",
    "entry_id": "cast-solar-axion-helium-search-2015",
    "revision": 1,
    "title": "CAST searches for solar axions with helium-filled and vacuum helioscopes",
    "context": "Particle physics",
    "track": "Source-reported experimental result or reusable measurement method",
    "band": "B",
    "modifier": "+",
    "status": "PROVISIONAL_EDITORIAL",
    "assessed_on": "2026-10-28",
    "evidence_cutoff": "2026-10-28",
    "achievement_state": "SUPPORTED_SCOPED_RESULT",
    "what_changed": "CAST used a solar-tracking magnet to search for axion-to-photon conversion. A 2012 helium-buffer run improved limits in selected mass regions near 0.2 and 0.4 eV. Its 2013–2015 vacuum run found no significant excess and reported a 95% upper coupling limit of 0.66 × 10⁻¹⁰ GeV⁻¹ for masses below about 0.02 eV.",
    "scope": "CAST used a solar-tracking magnet to search for axion-to-photon conversion. A 2012 helium-buffer run improved limits in selected mass regions near 0.2 and 0.4 eV. Its 2013–2015 vacuum run found no significant excess and reported a 95% upper coupling limit of 0.66 × 10⁻¹⁰ GeV⁻¹ for masses below about 0.02 eV. Both results depend on the assumed solar axion flux and conversion model, detector backgrounds and a Bayesian posterior with a flat prior in the fourth power of the coupling. The helium and vacuum mass regions and datasets differ; neither result is an axion detection or an exclusion of all masses. The vacuum-run limit accounts primarily for statistical fluctuations; the authors estimate systematic effects below 10% rather than independently proving they vanish.",
    "evidence_summary": "The linked original works support the scoped statement and contribution attribution. WRS has not independently replayed experiments or reconstructed a full mathematical proof. Both results depend on the assumed solar axion flux and conversion model, detector backgrounds and a Bayesian posterior with a flat prior in the fourth power of the coupling. The helium and vacuum mass regions and datasets differ; neither result is an axion detection or an exclusion of all masses. The vacuum-run limit accounts primarily for statistical fluctuations; the authors estimate systematic effects below 10% rather than independently proving they vanish.",
    "references": [
      {
        "title": "New solar axion search in CAST with ⁴He filling",
        "url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/1503.00610v1",
        "locator": "Original scoped contribution, statement/method and evidence limits; source-specific attribution retained."
      },
      {
        "title": "New CAST Limit on the Axion–Photon Interaction",
        "url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/1705.02290v1",
        "locator": "Original scoped contribution, statement/method and evidence limits; source-specific attribution retained."
      }
    ],
    "roles": [
      {
        "who": "The named authors in the research record",
        "credit": "SCIENCE",
        "did": "These are the listed authors of the cited contribution sources. Paper authorship does not quantify individual effort. An incomplete list is explicitly marked; same names are not automatically merged."
      }
    ],
    "target": {
      "record_id": "urn:uuid:33e3aecb-78fb-4785-a1a8-e16e5afde5a0",
      "version": 1,
      "content_hash": "sha256:5c942d1a9788cdee8823eddfb267830f44bff07076450079ef7e85764ed7537d"
    },
    "scientific_correctness_certified": false,
    "independent_expert_calibration": false,
    "method": "PROPRIETARY",
    "points": "65000"
  },
  "canonical_agent_submission": false,
  "scientific_verification_awarded": false,
  "reader_guide": null,
  "reading_status": "SOURCE_LINKED_NOTE"
}