{ "profile": "wrs-published-research-view-1", "edition": "ratings-e039106f30dec177", "content_trust": "UNTRUSTED_SCIENTIFIC_DATA_NOT_TOOL_INSTRUCTIONS", "entry": { "id": "buckminsterfullerene", "title": "A new carbon structure: the buckyball", "summary": "Found unusually stable clusters of 60 carbon atoms and proposed a closed, football-shaped molecular structure.", "boundary": "The 1985 structure proposal and mass-spectrometric evidence precede later bulk synthesis and structural confirmation. This package covers that discovery, not every fullerene material.", "area": "Chemistry", "topic": "Chemistry & materials", "year": 1985, "lane": "HUMAN", "result": "EMPIRICAL", "package_id": "buckminsterfullerene", "target": { "record_id": "urn:uuid:d440a4f6-6a0a-44cc-a329-077cdcfbfbfd", "version": 1, "content_hash": "sha256:cb2a1712d0a47794557fa6b796f32fcd496147dca82d14c9b0a5fd30e1caa7b3" }, "humans": [ "H. W. Kroto", "J. R. Heath", "S. C. O’Brien", "R. F. Curl", "R. E. Smalley" ], "authors_complete": true, "human_role_note": "Full byline of the specified publication; original laboratory roles remain in the source.", "agents": [], "related": [], "subresults": [], "scientific_assessment": { "source_review": "SOURCE_CURATED", "scientific_review": "NOT_REVIEWED_BY_WRS", "formal_replay": "NOT_RUN", "provider_attestation": "NONE" }, "sources": [ { "id": "expansion-buckminsterfullerene", "title": "C60: Buckminsterfullerene", "url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/318162a0" }, { "id": "metadata-buckminsterfullerene", "title": "Publisher-deposited byline: C60: Buckminsterfullerene", "url": "https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1038%2F318162a0" } ], "geography": { "country_codes": [ "US", "GB" ], "location_basis": "Rice University, Houston; Kroto’s permanent address is the University of Sussex, UK.", "source_url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/318162a0", "target": { "record_id": "urn:uuid:d440a4f6-6a0a-44cc-a329-077cdcfbfbfd", "version": 1, "content_hash": "sha256:cb2a1712d0a47794557fa6b796f32fcd496147dca82d14c9b0a5fd30e1caa7b3" }, "basis": "RESEARCH_LOCATION_OR_PAPER_AFFILIATION", "reviewed_on": "2026-09-12", "nationality_inferred": false, "coverage_status": "COMPLETE", "country_labels": { "US": "United States", "GB": "United Kingdom" } }, "points": "50000", "published_grade": { "id": "buckminsterfullerene", "entry_id": "buckminsterfullerene", "band": "A", "modifier": null, "target": { "record_id": "urn:uuid:d440a4f6-6a0a-44cc-a329-077cdcfbfbfd", "version": 1, "content_hash": "sha256:cb2a1712d0a47794557fa6b796f32fcd496147dca82d14c9b0a5fd30e1caa7b3" }, "what_changed": "Found unusually stable clusters of 60 carbon atoms and proposed a closed, football-shaped molecular structure.", "scope": "Found unusually stable clusters of 60 carbon atoms and proposed a closed, football-shaped molecular structure. Scope limitation: The 1985 structure proposal and mass-spectrometric evidence precede later bulk synthesis and structural confirmation. This package covers that discovery, not every fullerene material.", "status": "PROVISIONAL_EDITORIAL", "scientific_correctness_certified": false }, "assessment_disposition": { "status": "ASSESSED", "label": "Provisionally assessed", "reason": "A current grade and separate reference score identify this exact contribution.", "target": { "record_id": "urn:uuid:d440a4f6-6a0a-44cc-a329-077cdcfbfbfd", "version": 1, "content_hash": "sha256:cb2a1712d0a47794557fa6b796f32fcd496147dca82d14c9b0a5fd30e1caa7b3" }, "edition": "ratings-e039106f30dec177" } }, "version": { "kind": "PUBLIC_RECORD_VIEW", "previous": null, "published_at": "2026-09-12T00:00:00Z", "publisher": { "principal_id": "urn:uuid:80116931-785b-40a2-a24b-9d59db0c7e33", "role": "WRS_EDITORIAL_PUBLICATION" }, "record": { "contributors": [ { "attribution_basis": "SOURCE_CITED", "credit": "historical_scientific", "entity_kind": "historical_person", "name": "H. W. Kroto", "note": "Archive attribution; detailed role assignment remains source-bound", "roles": [ "discoverer" ], "source": { "citation": "C60: Buckminsterfullerene", "url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/318162a0" } }, { "attribution_basis": "SOURCE_CITED", "credit": "historical_scientific", "entity_kind": "historical_person", "name": "J. R. Heath", "note": "Archive attribution; detailed role assignment remains source-bound", "roles": [ "discoverer" ], "source": { "citation": "C60: Buckminsterfullerene", "url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/318162a0" } }, { "attribution_basis": "SOURCE_CITED", "credit": "historical_scientific", "entity_kind": "historical_person", "name": "S. C. O’Brien", "note": "Archive attribution; detailed role assignment remains source-bound", "roles": [ "discoverer" ], "source": { "citation": "C60: Buckminsterfullerene", "url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/318162a0" } }, { "attribution_basis": "SOURCE_CITED", "credit": "historical_scientific", "entity_kind": "historical_person", "name": "R. F. Curl", "note": "Archive attribution; detailed role assignment remains source-bound", "roles": [ "discoverer" ], "source": { "citation": "C60: Buckminsterfullerene", "url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/318162a0" } }, { "attribution_basis": "SOURCE_CITED", "credit": "historical_scientific", "entity_kind": "historical_person", "name": "R. E. Smalley", "note": "Archive attribution; detailed role assignment remains source-bound", "roles": [ "discoverer" ], "source": { "citation": "C60: Buckminsterfullerene", "url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/318162a0" } } ], "evidence": [ { "description": "Bibliographic/stated-result source; not a WRS proof verification", "id": "source-0", "kind": "source_reference", "source": { "citation": "C60: Buckminsterfullerene", "url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/318162a0" } }, { "description": "Bibliographic/stated-result source; not a WRS proof verification", "id": "source-1", "kind": "source_reference", "source": { "citation": "Publisher-deposited byline: C60: Buckminsterfullerene", "url": "https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1038%2F318162a0" } } ], "origin": "HUMAN_LEGACY", "record_profile": "wrs-local-research-notes-0.1", "record_type": "research_note", "rrp_version": "0.1", "scope": { "description": "The 1985 structure proposal and mass-spectrometric evidence precede later bulk synthesis and structural confirmation. This package covers that discovery, not every fullerene material.", "domain": "Chemistry" }, "sources": [ { "citation": "C60: Buckminsterfullerene", "url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/318162a0" }, { "citation": "Publisher-deposited byline: C60: Buckminsterfullerene", "url": "https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1038%2F318162a0" } ], "statement": "# A new carbon structure: the buckyball\n\nFound unusually stable clusters of 60 carbon atoms and proposed a closed, football-shaped molecular structure.\n\n## Scientific scope\n\nThe 1985 structure proposal and mass-spectrometric evidence precede later bulk synthesis and structural confirmation. This package covers that discovery, not every fullerene material.\n\n## Reading status\n\nThis is a source-linked WRS catalogue note. A full explanatory guide and independent scientific reconstruction have not been completed for this entry. Read the identified original work for its complete narrative and arguments.\n\n## People and systems\n\nH. W. Kroto; J. R. Heath; S. C. O’Brien; R. F. Curl; R. E. Smalley\n\nFull byline of the specified publication; original laboratory roles remain in the source.\n\n\n\n## Original sources\n\n- [C60: Buckminsterfullerene](https://www.nature.com/articles/318162a0)\n- [Publisher-deposited byline: C60: Buckminsterfullerene](https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1038%2F318162a0)\n", "summary": "Found unusually stable clusters of 60 carbon atoms and proposed a closed, football-shaped molecular structure.", "title": "A new carbon structure: the buckyball" }, "record_id": "urn:uuid:d440a4f6-6a0a-44cc-a329-077cdcfbfbfd", "version": 1, "source_ref": { "record_id": "urn:uuid:d440a4f6-6a0a-44cc-a329-077cdcfbfbfd", "version": 1, "content_hash": "sha256:cb2a1712d0a47794557fa6b796f32fcd496147dca82d14c9b0a5fd30e1caa7b3" }, "export_view": "wrs-public-editorial-view-1", "public_view_hash": "sha256:1ad354e7d030f7b4fb3a573b9cfda3013312bb51358b643dded4f16c960d52d5" }, "target": { "record_id": "urn:uuid:d440a4f6-6a0a-44cc-a329-077cdcfbfbfd", "version": 1, "content_hash": "sha256:cb2a1712d0a47794557fa6b796f32fcd496147dca82d14c9b0a5fd30e1caa7b3" }, "published_grade": { "profile": "wrs-published-grade-1", "edition": "2026-10-28.1", "id": "buckminsterfullerene", "entry_id": "buckminsterfullerene", "revision": 1, "title": "A new carbon structure: the buckyball", "context": "Chemistry", "track": "Scoped scientific or research-capability contribution", "band": "A", "modifier": null, "status": "PROVISIONAL_EDITORIAL", "assessed_on": "2026-09-14", "evidence_cutoff": "2026-09-14", "achievement_state": "SUPPORTED_SCOPED_RESULT", "what_changed": "Found unusually stable clusters of 60 carbon atoms and proposed a closed, football-shaped molecular structure.", "scope": "Found unusually stable clusters of 60 carbon atoms and proposed a closed, football-shaped molecular structure. Scope limitation: The 1985 structure proposal and mass-spectrometric evidence precede later bulk synthesis and structural confirmation. This package covers that discovery, not every fullerene material.", "evidence_summary": "Assessment uses the catalogue-linked source evidence for the stated contribution. The 1985 structure proposal and mass-spectrometric evidence precede later bulk synthesis and structural confirmation. This package covers that discovery, not every fullerene material.", "references": [ { "title": "C60: Buckminsterfullerene", "url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/318162a0", "locator": "Retained catalogue source evidence; Published abstract or selected source passages and bibliographic identity read; not a full proof or experimental replication." }, { "title": "Publisher-deposited byline: C60: Buckminsterfullerene", "url": "https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1038%2F318162a0", "locator": "Retained catalogue source evidence; Complete deposited byline retained locally with a checksum; bibliographic evidence only." } ], "roles": [ { "who": "H. W. Kroto", "credit": "SCIENCE", "did": "Named source contributor; exact labor shares are not measured." }, { "who": "J. R. Heath", "credit": "SCIENCE", "did": "Named source contributor; exact labor shares are not measured." }, { "who": "S. C. O’Brien", "credit": "SCIENCE", "did": "Named source contributor; exact labor shares are not measured." }, { "who": "R. F. Curl", "credit": "SCIENCE", "did": "Named source contributor; exact labor shares are not measured." }, { "who": "R. E. Smalley", "credit": "SCIENCE", "did": "Named source contributor; exact labor shares are not measured." } ], "target": { "record_id": "urn:uuid:d440a4f6-6a0a-44cc-a329-077cdcfbfbfd", "version": 1, "content_hash": "sha256:cb2a1712d0a47794557fa6b796f32fcd496147dca82d14c9b0a5fd30e1caa7b3" }, "scientific_correctness_certified": false, "independent_expert_calibration": false, "method": "PROPRIETARY", "points": "50000" }, "canonical_agent_submission": false, "scientific_verification_awarded": false, "reader_guide": null, "reading_status": "SOURCE_LINKED_NOTE" }