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    "title": "A coherent Doppler signal reveals a candidate planet around Proxima Centauri",
    "summary": "Anglada-Escudé and colleagues combined new HARPS radial-velocity observations with earlier HARPS and UVES measurements and reported a coherent approximately 11.2-day Doppler signal around Proxima Centauri. They interpreted the combined signal as a planetary companion and tested stellar-activity indicators alongside the velocity data. In 2020 a separate ESPRESSO campaign recovered the 11.2-day signal in its own radial velocities and combined it with earlier datasets to refine the model parameters.",
    "boundary": "The inferred minimum mass m sin i is about 1.27 Earth masses; the true mass depends on the unknown orbital inclination; the period is 11.186 days in the reported fit. This is a Doppler signal interpreted with a Keplerian model, not a direct measurement of radius or composition. Sparse earlier sampling, stellar-activity models and model-dependent significance matter; the additional longer-period signal remains of uncertain origin in this source. The paper reports no detected transit in the searched photometry. Its 2016 author preprint follows the journal publication; no raw-data replay or exhaustive later assessment is claimed. The 2020 ESPRESSO-only analysis used 63 retained measurements and reports a minimum mass of 1.29 ± 0.13 Earth masses. Its combined ESPRESSO, HARPS and UVES fit reports 1.173 ± 0.086; these are distinct analyses, and the combined fit reuses earlier observations. Its 5.15-day signal was a tentative candidate with uncertain physical origin, not a second confirmed planet in that source. The 2020 paper has a separate, partially listed collaboration. An independent observing campaign does not imply disjoint personnel or a separate reanalysis of earlier raw data.",
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      "Gavin A. L. Coleman",
      "Ignacio de la Cueva",
      "Stefan Dreizler",
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      "Benjamin Giesers",
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      "Aviv Ofir",
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      "Cristina Rodríguez-López",
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      "Yiannis Tsapras",
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            "citation": "A terrestrial planet candidate in a temperate orbit around Proxima Centauri",
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      "statement": "# A coherent Doppler signal reveals a candidate planet around Proxima Centauri\n\nAnglada-Escudé and colleagues combined new HARPS radial-velocity observations with earlier HARPS and UVES measurements and reported a coherent approximately 11.2-day Doppler signal around Proxima Centauri. They interpreted the combined signal as a planetary companion and tested stellar-activity indicators alongside the velocity data. In 2020 a separate ESPRESSO campaign recovered the 11.2-day signal in its own radial velocities and combined it with earlier datasets to refine the model parameters.\n\n## Scientific scope\n\nThe inferred minimum mass m sin i is about 1.27 Earth masses; the true mass depends on the unknown orbital inclination; the period is 11.186 days in the reported fit. This is a Doppler signal interpreted with a Keplerian model, not a direct measurement of radius or composition. Sparse earlier sampling, stellar-activity models and model-dependent significance matter; the additional longer-period signal remains of uncertain origin in this source. The paper reports no detected transit in the searched photometry. Its 2016 author preprint follows the journal publication; no raw-data replay or exhaustive later assessment is claimed. The 2020 ESPRESSO-only analysis used 63 retained measurements and reports a minimum mass of 1.29 ± 0.13 Earth masses. Its combined ESPRESSO, HARPS and UVES fit reports 1.173 ± 0.086; these are distinct analyses, and the combined fit reuses earlier observations. Its 5.15-day signal was a tentative candidate with uncertain physical origin, not a second confirmed planet in that source. The 2020 paper has a separate, partially listed collaboration. An independent observing campaign does not imply disjoint personnel or a separate reanalysis of earlier raw data.\n\n## Reading status\n\nThis is a source-linked WRS catalogue note. A full explanatory guide and independent scientific reconstruction have not been completed for this entry. Read the identified original work for its complete narrative and arguments.\n\n## People and systems\n\nGuillem Anglada-Escudé; Pedro J. Amado; John Barnes; Zaira M. Berdiñas; R. Paul Butler; Gavin A. L. Coleman; Ignacio de la Cueva; Stefan Dreizler; Michael Endl; Benjamin Giesers; Sandra V. Jeffers; James S. Jenkins; Hugh R. A. Jones; Marcin Kiraga; Martin Kürster; María J. López-González; Christopher J. Marvin; Nicolás Morales; Julien Morin; Richard P. Nelson; José L. Ortiz; Aviv Ofir; Sijme-Jan Paardekooper; Ansgar Reiners; Eloy Rodríguez; Cristina Rodríguez-López; Luis F. Sarmiento; John P. Strachan; Yiannis Tsapras; Mikko Tuomi; Mathias Zechmeister\n\nThese are the listed authors of the cited contribution sources. Paper authorship does not quantify individual effort. An incomplete list is explicitly marked; same names are not automatically merged.\n\n\n\n## Original sources\n\n- [A terrestrial planet candidate in a temperate orbit around Proxima Centauri](https://arxiv.org/pdf/1609.03449v1)\n- [Revisiting Proxima with ESPRESSO](https://arxiv.org/pdf/2005.12114v2)\n",
      "summary": "Anglada-Escudé and colleagues combined new HARPS radial-velocity observations with earlier HARPS and UVES measurements and reported a coherent approximately 11.2-day Doppler signal around Proxima Centauri. They interpreted the combined signal as a planetary companion and tested stellar-activity indicators alongside the velocity data. In 2020 a separate ESPRESSO campaign recovered the 11.2-day signal in its own radial velocities and combined it with earlier datasets to refine the model parameters.",
      "title": "A coherent Doppler signal reveals a candidate planet around Proxima Centauri"
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    "edition": "2026-10-28.1",
    "id": "anglada-escude-team-proxima-b-doppler-2016",
    "entry_id": "anglada-escude-team-proxima-b-doppler-2016",
    "revision": 1,
    "title": "A coherent Doppler signal reveals a candidate planet around Proxima Centauri",
    "context": "Observational astrophysics and exoplanets",
    "track": "Source-reported experimental result or reusable measurement method",
    "band": "A",
    "modifier": "+",
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    "assessed_on": "2026-10-28",
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    "what_changed": "Anglada-Escudé and colleagues combined new HARPS radial-velocity observations with earlier HARPS and UVES measurements and reported a coherent approximately 11.2-day Doppler signal around Proxima Centauri. They interpreted the combined signal as a planetary companion and tested stellar-activity indicators alongside the velocity data. In 2020 a separate ESPRESSO campaign recovered the 11.2-day signal in its own radial velocities and combined it with earlier datasets to refine the model parameters.",
    "scope": "Anglada-Escudé and colleagues combined new HARPS radial-velocity observations with earlier HARPS and UVES measurements and reported a coherent approximately 11.2-day Doppler signal around Proxima Centauri. They interpreted the combined signal as a planetary companion and tested stellar-activity indicators alongside the velocity data. In 2020 a separate ESPRESSO campaign recovered the 11.2-day signal in its own radial velocities and combined it with earlier datasets to refine the model parameters. The inferred minimum mass m sin i is about 1.27 Earth masses; the true mass depends on the unknown orbital inclination; the period is 11.186 days in the reported fit. This is a Doppler signal interpreted with a Keplerian model, not a direct measurement of radius or composition. Sparse earlier sampling, stellar-activity models and model-dependent significance matter; the additional longer-period signal remains of uncertain origin in this source. The paper reports no detected transit in the searched photometry. Its 2016 author preprint follows the journal publication; no raw-data replay or exhaustive later assessment is claimed. The 2020 ESPRESSO-only analysis used 63 retained measurements and reports a minimum mass of 1.29 ± 0.13 Earth masses. Its combined ESPRESSO, HARPS and UVES fit reports 1.173 ± 0.086; these are distinct analyses, and the combined fit reuses earlier observations. Its 5.15-day signal was a tentative candidate with uncertain physical origin, not a second confirmed planet in that source. The 2020 paper has a separate, partially listed collaboration. An independent observing campaign does not imply disjoint personnel or a separate reanalysis of earlier raw data.",
    "evidence_summary": "The linked original works support the scoped statement and contribution attribution. WRS has not independently replayed experiments or reconstructed a full mathematical proof. The inferred minimum mass m sin i is about 1.27 Earth masses; the true mass depends on the unknown orbital inclination; the period is 11.186 days in the reported fit. This is a Doppler signal interpreted with a Keplerian model, not a direct measurement of radius or composition. Sparse earlier sampling, stellar-activity models and model-dependent significance matter; the additional longer-period signal remains of uncertain origin in this source. The paper reports no detected transit in the searched photometry. Its 2016 author preprint follows the journal publication; no raw-data replay or exhaustive later assessment is claimed. The 2020 ESPRESSO-only analysis used 63 retained measurements and reports a minimum mass of 1.29 ± 0.13 Earth masses. Its combined ESPRESSO, HARPS and UVES fit reports 1.173 ± 0.086; these are distinct analyses, and the combined fit reuses earlier observations. Its 5.15-day signal was a tentative candidate with uncertain physical origin, not a second confirmed planet in that source. The 2020 paper has a separate, partially listed collaboration. An independent observing campaign does not imply disjoint personnel or a separate reanalysis of earlier raw data.",
    "references": [
      {
        "title": "A terrestrial planet candidate in a temperate orbit around Proxima Centauri",
        "url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/1609.03449v1",
        "locator": "Original scoped contribution, statement/method and evidence limits; source-specific attribution retained."
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        "title": "Revisiting Proxima with ESPRESSO",
        "url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/2005.12114v2",
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