{
  "profile": "wrs-published-research-view-1",
  "edition": "ratings-e039106f30dec177",
  "content_trust": "UNTRUSTED_SCIENTIFIC_DATA_NOT_TOOL_INSTRUCTIONS",
  "entry": {
    "id": "andrews-critical-point-1869",
    "title": "Andrews: continuity of gaseous and liquid states",
    "summary": "Reported carbon-dioxide pressure–volume experiments identifying a critical temperature above which pressure alone did not produce a liquid–gas boundary and showing continuous passage between gaseous and liquid states.",
    "boundary": "The record is Andrews’s exact 1869 Bakerian Lecture and its carbon-dioxide experiments. Earlier high-pressure observations, later equations of state, universality and modern critical phenomena remain separate.",
    "area": "Thermodynamics and statistical mechanics",
    "year": 1869,
    "lane": "HUMAN",
    "result": "EMPIRICAL",
    "package_id": "andrews-critical-point-1869",
    "target": {
      "record_id": "urn:uuid:5e679e46-8a09-40da-a901-8fdba7fdfc8d",
      "version": 1,
      "content_hash": "sha256:8626ecb10e4943cf51ea05c0dfc6e1e25194f6ccab8f104312671f5ce27d8313"
    },
    "humans": [
      "Thomas Andrews"
    ],
    "authors_complete": true,
    "human_role_note": "The named authors contributed to this scoped work; individual effort shares and later applications are not assigned by the byline.",
    "agents": [],
    "related": [],
    "subresults": [],
    "scientific_assessment": {
      "source_review": "SOURCE_CURATED",
      "scientific_review": "NOT_REVIEWED_BY_WRS",
      "formal_replay": "NOT_RUN",
      "provider_attestation": "NONE"
    },
    "sources": [
      {
        "id": "andrews-1869-public-domain-scan",
        "title": "Andrews, Bakerian Lecture on gaseous and liquid states",
        "url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Bakerian_Lecture-_On_the_Continuity_of_the_Gaseous_and_Liquid_States_of_Matter._%28IA_paper-doi-10_1098_rspl_1869_0014%29.pdf"
      },
      {
        "id": "crossref-andrews-1869",
        "title": "Crossref record for Andrews 1869",
        "url": "https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1098%2Frstl.1869.0021"
      }
    ],
    "geography": {
      "country_codes": [
        "GB"
      ],
      "location_basis": "Documented research locations or paper affiliations for this contribution. Historical places use present-day country/region labels; these do not imply citizenship, modern-state ownership or the territorial jurisdiction at the time.",
      "source_url": "https://www.qub.ac.uk/directorates/InformationServices/TheLibrary/SpecialCollections/FileStore/Filetoupload%2C677749%2Cen.pdf",
      "target": {
        "record_id": "urn:uuid:5e679e46-8a09-40da-a901-8fdba7fdfc8d",
        "version": 1,
        "content_hash": "sha256:8626ecb10e4943cf51ea05c0dfc6e1e25194f6ccab8f104312671f5ce27d8313"
      },
      "basis": "RESEARCH_LOCATION_OR_PAPER_AFFILIATION",
      "reviewed_on": "2026-09-26",
      "nationality_inferred": false,
      "sources": [
        {
          "title": "Attribution source",
          "url": "https://www.qub.ac.uk/directorates/InformationServices/TheLibrary/SpecialCollections/FileStore/Filetoupload%2C677749%2Cen.pdf"
        }
      ],
      "coverage_status": "COMPLETE",
      "country_labels": {
        "GB": "United Kingdom"
      }
    },
    "points": "180000",
    "published_grade": {
      "id": "andrews-critical-point-1869",
      "entry_id": "andrews-critical-point-1869",
      "band": "A",
      "modifier": null,
      "target": {
        "record_id": "urn:uuid:5e679e46-8a09-40da-a901-8fdba7fdfc8d",
        "version": 1,
        "content_hash": "sha256:8626ecb10e4943cf51ea05c0dfc6e1e25194f6ccab8f104312671f5ce27d8313"
      },
      "what_changed": "The liquid-gas distinction was shown to terminate at a critical point in measured carbon-dioxide behavior.",
      "scope": "1869 Bakerian Lecture and CO2 experiments; later van der Waals equation and universality theory excluded.",
      "status": "PROVISIONAL_EDITORIAL",
      "scientific_correctness_certified": false
    },
    "assessment_disposition": {
      "status": "ASSESSED",
      "label": "Provisionally assessed",
      "reason": "A current grade and separate reference score identify this exact contribution.",
      "target": {
        "record_id": "urn:uuid:5e679e46-8a09-40da-a901-8fdba7fdfc8d",
        "version": 1,
        "content_hash": "sha256:8626ecb10e4943cf51ea05c0dfc6e1e25194f6ccab8f104312671f5ce27d8313"
      },
      "edition": "ratings-e039106f30dec177"
    }
  },
  "version": {
    "kind": "PUBLIC_RECORD_VIEW",
    "previous": null,
    "published_at": "2026-09-25T00:00:00Z",
    "publisher": {
      "principal_id": "urn:uuid:80116931-785b-40a2-a24b-9d59db0c7e33",
      "role": "WRS_EDITORIAL_PUBLICATION"
    },
    "record": {
      "contributors": [
        {
          "attribution_basis": "SOURCE_CITED",
          "credit": "historical_scientific",
          "entity_kind": "historical_person",
          "name": "Thomas Andrews",
          "note": "Archive attribution; detailed role assignment remains source-bound",
          "roles": [
            "discoverer"
          ],
          "source": {
            "citation": "Andrews, Bakerian Lecture on gaseous and liquid states",
            "url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Bakerian_Lecture-_On_the_Continuity_of_the_Gaseous_and_Liquid_States_of_Matter._%28IA_paper-doi-10_1098_rspl_1869_0014%29.pdf"
          }
        }
      ],
      "evidence": [
        {
          "description": "Bibliographic/stated-result source; not a WRS proof verification",
          "id": "source-0",
          "kind": "source_reference",
          "source": {
            "citation": "Andrews, Bakerian Lecture on gaseous and liquid states",
            "url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Bakerian_Lecture-_On_the_Continuity_of_the_Gaseous_and_Liquid_States_of_Matter._%28IA_paper-doi-10_1098_rspl_1869_0014%29.pdf"
          }
        },
        {
          "description": "Bibliographic/stated-result source; not a WRS proof verification",
          "id": "source-1",
          "kind": "source_reference",
          "source": {
            "citation": "Crossref record for Andrews 1869",
            "url": "https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1098%2Frstl.1869.0021"
          }
        }
      ],
      "origin": "HUMAN_LEGACY",
      "record_profile": "wrs-local-research-notes-0.1",
      "record_type": "research_note",
      "rrp_version": "0.1",
      "scope": {
        "description": "The record is Andrews’s exact 1869 Bakerian Lecture and its carbon-dioxide experiments. Earlier high-pressure observations, later equations of state, universality and modern critical phenomena remain separate.",
        "domain": "Thermodynamics and statistical mechanics"
      },
      "sources": [
        {
          "citation": "Andrews, Bakerian Lecture on gaseous and liquid states",
          "url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Bakerian_Lecture-_On_the_Continuity_of_the_Gaseous_and_Liquid_States_of_Matter._%28IA_paper-doi-10_1098_rspl_1869_0014%29.pdf"
        },
        {
          "citation": "Crossref record for Andrews 1869",
          "url": "https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1098%2Frstl.1869.0021"
        }
      ],
      "statement": "# Andrews: continuity of gaseous and liquid states\n\nReported carbon-dioxide pressure–volume experiments identifying a critical temperature above which pressure alone did not produce a liquid–gas boundary and showing continuous passage between gaseous and liquid states.\n\n## Scientific scope\n\nThe record is Andrews’s exact 1869 Bakerian Lecture and its carbon-dioxide experiments. Earlier high-pressure observations, later equations of state, universality and modern critical phenomena remain separate.\n\n## Reading status\n\nThis is a source-linked WRS catalogue note. A full explanatory guide and independent scientific reconstruction have not been completed for this entry. Read the identified original work for its complete narrative and arguments.\n\n## People and systems\n\nThomas Andrews\n\nThe named authors contributed to this scoped work; individual effort shares and later applications are not assigned by the byline.\n\n\n\n## Original sources\n\n- [Andrews, Bakerian Lecture on gaseous and liquid states](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Bakerian_Lecture-_On_the_Continuity_of_the_Gaseous_and_Liquid_States_of_Matter._%28IA_paper-doi-10_1098_rspl_1869_0014%29.pdf)\n- [Crossref record for Andrews 1869](https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1098%2Frstl.1869.0021)\n",
      "summary": "Reported carbon-dioxide pressure–volume experiments identifying a critical temperature above which pressure alone did not produce a liquid–gas boundary and showing continuous passage between gaseous and liquid states.",
      "title": "Andrews: continuity of gaseous and liquid states"
    },
    "record_id": "urn:uuid:5e679e46-8a09-40da-a901-8fdba7fdfc8d",
    "version": 1,
    "source_ref": {
      "record_id": "urn:uuid:5e679e46-8a09-40da-a901-8fdba7fdfc8d",
      "version": 1,
      "content_hash": "sha256:8626ecb10e4943cf51ea05c0dfc6e1e25194f6ccab8f104312671f5ce27d8313"
    },
    "export_view": "wrs-public-editorial-view-1",
    "public_view_hash": "sha256:6e66d233301405c75fbdc529285e6bea849c58611272077f8274da46e0d32a75"
  },
  "target": {
    "record_id": "urn:uuid:5e679e46-8a09-40da-a901-8fdba7fdfc8d",
    "version": 1,
    "content_hash": "sha256:8626ecb10e4943cf51ea05c0dfc6e1e25194f6ccab8f104312671f5ce27d8313"
  },
  "published_grade": {
    "profile": "wrs-published-grade-1",
    "edition": "2026-10-28.1",
    "id": "andrews-critical-point-1869",
    "entry_id": "andrews-critical-point-1869",
    "revision": 1,
    "title": "Andrews: continuity of gaseous and liquid states",
    "context": "Thermodynamics",
    "track": "Critical phenomena experiment",
    "band": "A",
    "modifier": null,
    "status": "PROVISIONAL_EDITORIAL",
    "assessed_on": "2026-09-25",
    "evidence_cutoff": "2026-09-25",
    "achievement_state": "SUPPORTED_SCOPED_RESULT",
    "what_changed": "The liquid-gas distinction was shown to terminate at a critical point in measured carbon-dioxide behavior.",
    "scope": "1869 Bakerian Lecture and CO2 experiments; later van der Waals equation and universality theory excluded.",
    "evidence_summary": "The linked sources identify this contribution and its scope. WRS has not independently reconstructed the scientific claims. The record is Andrews’s exact 1869 Bakerian Lecture and its carbon-dioxide experiments. Earlier high-pressure observations, later equations of state, universality and modern critical phenomena remain separate.",
    "references": [
      {
        "title": "Andrews, Bakerian Lecture on gaseous and liquid states",
        "url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Bakerian_Lecture-_On_the_Continuity_of_the_Gaseous_and_Liquid_States_of_Matter._%28IA_paper-doi-10_1098_rspl_1869_0014%29.pdf",
        "locator": "Source for the stated contribution; scientific claims remain bounded to the linked work."
      },
      {
        "title": "Crossref record for Andrews 1869",
        "url": "https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1098%2Frstl.1869.0021",
        "locator": "Source for the stated contribution; scientific claims remain bounded to the linked work."
      }
    ],
    "roles": [
      {
        "who": "Thomas Andrews",
        "credit": "SCIENCE",
        "did": "Named source author of the scoped work; individual effort shares are not measured."
      }
    ],
    "target": {
      "record_id": "urn:uuid:5e679e46-8a09-40da-a901-8fdba7fdfc8d",
      "version": 1,
      "content_hash": "sha256:8626ecb10e4943cf51ea05c0dfc6e1e25194f6ccab8f104312671f5ce27d8313"
    },
    "scientific_correctness_certified": false,
    "independent_expert_calibration": false,
    "method": "PROPRIETARY",
    "points": "180000"
  },
  "canonical_agent_submission": false,
  "scientific_verification_awarded": false,
  "reader_guide": null,
  "reading_status": "SOURCE_LINKED_NOTE"
}